Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2021 Jul 1;22(7):1987-1995. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.1987.
Breast cancer (BC) is known as one of the deadliest forms of cancer, and it is increasing globally. Identifying risk factors for BC is a key point in developing preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence. Herein, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focus on the risk factors for BC in Palestine.
We performed a systematic search via PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane library, Emerald Insight, and Google scholar for identifying studies published on BC risk factors up to March 2021. Pooled odds ratios (OR) are calculated using fixed and random-effect models. Data were processed using Review Manager 5.4 (RevMan 5.4).
From a total of 73 articles, seven case-control studies met the criteria for systematic review. Meta-analysis results showed that of the known modifiable risk factors for BC, diabetes mellitus (DM) had the highest odds ratio (OR = 4.97, 95% CI 3.00- 8.25) followed by hypertension (OR = 3.21, 95% CI 1.96-5.23), obesity (BMI >30 Kg/m2) (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.00- 4.21), and passive smoking (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.12- 2.02). Controversially, breastfeeding (OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.23- 0.61) was protective factor in BC. Of non-modifiable risk factors for BC has reached menopause had the highest odds ratio (OR = 3.74, 95% CI 2.64- 5.29), followed by family history of BC (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.07-6.44) and age (≥ 40 years) (OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.43-4.34).
The most significant predictors of BC in Palestine were DM, hypertension, passive smokers, age (>40), reached menopause, and family history of BC. Almost all these risk factors are consistent with known risk factors for breast cancer in other parts of the world.
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乳腺癌（BC）是已知的最致命的癌症之一，并且在全球范围内呈上升趋势。确定乳腺癌的危险因素是制定预防策略以降低其发生率的关键。在此，我们旨在对巴勒斯坦乳腺癌危险因素进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
我们通过 PubMed、MEDLINE、SCOPUS、Science Direct、Cochrane 图书馆、Emerald Insight 和 Google Scholar 进行系统检索，以确定截至 2021 年 3 月发表的关于乳腺癌危险因素的研究。使用固定效应模型和随机效应模型计算合并优势比（OR）。使用 Review Manager 5.4（RevMan 5.4）处理数据。
从总共 73 篇文章中，有 7 项病例对照研究符合系统评价标准。荟萃分析结果表明，在已知的乳腺癌可改变危险因素中，糖尿病（DM）的比值比（OR）最高（OR=4.97，95%CI 3.00-8.25），其次是高血压（OR=3.21，95%CI 1.96-5.23），肥胖（BMI>30 Kg/m2）（OR=2.90，95%CI 2.00-4.21），被动吸烟（OR=1.50，95%CI 1.12-2.02）。有争议的是，母乳喂养（OR=0.37，95%CI 0.23-0.61）是乳腺癌的保护因素。对于不可改变的乳腺癌危险因素，绝经的比值比最高（OR=3.74，95%CI 2.64-5.29），其次是乳腺癌家族史（OR=2.63，95%CI 1.07-6.44）和年龄（≥40 岁）（OR=2.49，95%CI 1.43-4.34）。
在巴勒斯坦，乳腺癌的最重要预测因素是糖尿病、高血压、被动吸烟者、年龄（>40 岁）、绝经和乳腺癌家族史。几乎所有这些危险因素都与世界其他地区已知的乳腺癌危险因素一致。
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