Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2021 Dec 15;34(4):e0010921. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00109-21. Epub 2021 Jul 28.
The development of effective antiviral therapy for COVID-19 is critical for those awaiting vaccination, as well as for those who do not respond robustly to vaccination. This review summarizes 1 year of progress in the race to develop antiviral therapies for COVID-19, including research spanning preclinical and clinical drug development efforts, with an emphasis on antiviral compounds that are in clinical development or that are high priorities for clinical development. The review is divided into sections on compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2 enzymes, including its polymerase and proteases; compounds that inhibit virus entry, including monoclonal antibodies; interferons; and repurposed drugs that inhibit host processes required for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The review concludes with a summary of the lessons to be learned from SARS-CoV-2 drug development efforts and the challenges to continued progress.
开发针对 COVID-19 的有效抗病毒疗法对于等待接种疫苗的人群以及对疫苗反应不佳的人群至关重要。本综述总结了过去一年来开发 COVID-19 抗病毒疗法的进展，涵盖了从临床前到临床药物开发工作的研究，重点介绍了处于临床开发或高度优先进行临床开发的抗病毒化合物。该综述分为几部分，分别介绍了抑制 SARS-CoV-2 酶的化合物，包括其聚合酶和蛋白酶；抑制病毒进入的化合物，包括单克隆抗体；干扰素；以及抑制 SARS-CoV-2 复制所需宿主过程的再利用药物。该综述最后总结了从 SARS-CoV-2 药物开发工作中吸取的经验教训以及继续取得进展的挑战。
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