Andrews D K, Berry W D, Brake J
Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Western Washington Research and Extension Center, Puyallup 98371-4998.
Poult Sci. 1987 Oct;66(10):1635-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.0661635.
This experiment concerned the induced molt of 320 60-wk old Single Comb White Leghorn hens placed two per cage in two adjoining sections of a light-tight, fan-ventilated poultry building. Treatments compared were: 1) lighting program: Washington (WSU) vs. North Carolina (NCSU). The WSU program used 8 h light/day for 28 days beginning 7 days before fast. The NCSU program used continuous light for 7 days prior to fast, followed by 12 h light/day for 21 days. The light portion of the photoperiod was then increased in steps in both treatments to 16 h. 2) Molt diet: cracked corn (CC) vs. 16% protein molt ration (MR) for 14 days. 3) Laying diet. A 14% protein mash calculated to contain .60% or .65% total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) or ascorbic acid (AA) at 0 or 50 ppm added to the laying mash. Day 1 was designated as the first day of photoperiod modification. Primary and secondary feather loss and subsequent primary feather growth were all significantly increased by the WSU light program at 56, 84, and 112 days. Total and average growth of new primaries was significantly increased by MR at 56 days and total primary feather growth by .65% TSAA at 112 days. No effects due to AA were observed. Photoperiod had the greatest effect on molt per se, with MR and .65% TSAA increasing early and late growth, respectively.
本实验涉及320只60周龄单冠白来航母鸡的强制换羽，每笼两只，放置在一座不透光、有风扇通风的禽舍相邻的两个区域。比较的处理因素有：1）光照程序：华盛顿州立大学（WSU）方案与北卡罗来纳州立大学（NCSU）方案。WSU方案在禁食前7天开始，每天光照8小时，持续28天。NCSU方案在禁食前连续光照7天，然后每天光照12小时，持续21天。之后，两种处理的光照时长均逐步增加至16小时。2）换羽日粮：碎玉米（CC）与16%蛋白质含量的换羽日粮（MR），持续14天。3）产蛋日粮。一种14%蛋白质含量的粉料，计算得出其总含硫氨基酸（TSAA）或抗坏血酸（AA）含量分别为0.60%或0.65%，或在产蛋粉料中添加0或50 ppm的AA。第1天被指定为光照周期改变的第一天。在第56、84和112天，WSU光照方案显著增加了主羽和次羽的脱落以及随后主羽的生长。在第56天，MR显著增加了新主羽的总生长量和平均生长量，在第112天，0.65%的TSAA显著增加了主羽的总生长量。未观察到AA的影响。光照周期对换羽本身影响最大，MR和0.65%的TSAA分别增加了早期和晚期的生长。
