Andrews D K, Berry W D, Brake J
Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Western Washington Research and Extension Center, Puyallup 98371-4998.
Poult Sci. 1987 Aug;66(8):1298-305. doi: 10.3382/ps.0661298.
Two adjoining rooms in a light-tight, fan-ventilated, insulated house were used for a study involving 320 Single Comb White Leghorn hens, 60 wk of age, placed two per cage. These hens were subjected to an induced molt which compared two lighting programs, two molt rations, two levels of total sulfur amino acids (TSAA), and two levels of ascorbic acid (AA) in a factorial arrangement. There were four treatments. Treatment 1 compared the Washington lighting program (WSU), consisting of an 8-h light photoperiod for 28 days beginning 7 days before fast with the North Carolina program (NCSU), consisting of a 24-h light photoperiod for 7 days prior to fast followed by 12 h light/day for 21 days. After 28 days, light duration was increased to 16 h/day in stages for both programs. Treatment 2 consisted of feeding cracked corn (CC) or 16% protein molt ration (MR) for 2 weeks: Treatment 3, feeding of 14% layer mash with either .60% or .65% TSAA; and Treatment 4, addition of either 0 or 50 ppm AA to the 14% layer mash. After molting, egg production was increased in the NCSU lighting program and .65% TSAA treatments. Feed conversion was improved by the NCSU lighting treatment. Deaths were fewer in diets with 50 ppm AA. Egg weight, specific gravity, and shell weight were not affected by any treatment. A significant light X molt diet interaction occurred due to better performance of MR birds compared with CC birds in the NCSU lighting program, whereas on the WSU lighting program, CC produced better performance. These data indicated that combining features of various molt programs may not produce optimum results.
在一间不透光、有风扇通风且隔热的房屋里，两个相邻的房间被用于一项研究，该研究涉及320只60周龄的单冠白来航母鸡，每笼放置两只。这些母鸡接受了诱导换羽，采用析因设计比较了两种光照程序、两种换羽日粮、两种总含硫氨基酸（TSAA）水平和两种抗坏血酸（AA）水平。共有四种处理方式。处理1比较了华盛顿光照程序（WSU）和北卡罗来纳程序（NCSU），华盛顿光照程序在禁食前7天开始有28天的8小时光照周期，北卡罗来纳程序在禁食前7天有24小时光照周期，之后21天为每天12小时光照。28天后，两个程序的光照时长都逐步增加到每天16小时。处理2包括喂食碎玉米（CC）或16%蛋白质的换羽日粮（MR），为期2周；处理3，喂食含0.60%或0.65%TSAA的14%蛋鸡混合料；处理4，在14%蛋鸡混合料中添加0或50ppm的AA。换羽后，北卡罗来纳光照程序和0.65%TSAA处理的产蛋量增加。北卡罗来纳光照处理改善了饲料转化率。添加50ppm AA的日粮中死亡的鸡较少。蛋重、比重和蛋壳重量不受任何处理的影响。由于在北卡罗来纳光照程序中，与喂食碎玉米的鸡相比，喂食换羽日粮的鸡表现更好，而在华盛顿光照程序中，喂食碎玉米的鸡表现更好，因此光照与换羽日粮之间存在显著的交互作用。这些数据表明，结合各种换羽程序的特点可能不会产生最佳结果。
