School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Dec;284:131561. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131561. Epub 2021 Jul 13.
Powdered activated carbon (PAC) has turned out to be an efficient adsorbent in drinking water treatment, whereas its application integrated with membrane filtration is still controversial because of the combined fouling effect between organic pollutants and PAC. To this end, an integrated process of combining PAC adsorption-catalytic oxidation and membrane filtration was proposed for natural surface water treatment. The synergistic effect of PAC and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was confirmed through the generation of reactive oxidation species, and both radical oxidative pathways (OH, SO and O) and nonradical (O and PMS) pathways involved in the process. The removal efficiency of DOC and UV was significantly strengthened by PAC/PMS, with removal rates of 56.1% and 64.9%, respectively. The integration of PAC and PMS could significantly enhance the reduction of fluorescent organics, and pollutants with varying molecular weights. The fouling condition of membrane was dramatically alleviated, with the flux increased by 38.9%, and the reversible and irreversible resistances declined by 79.7% and 48.3%, respectively. The major fouling mechanism was significantly changed, and complete pore blocking always played a dominant role, rather than cake filtration. The effectiveness of PAC/PMS was further verified by the characterization of membrane surface morphologies and functional groups. Moreover, the attractive interactions between foulants and membrane were converted to repulsive interactions with the pretreatment of PAC/PMS. The proposed synergistic process was efficient and convenient, which could significantly improve the purification efficiency of conventional PAC-UF system in drinking water treatment.
粉末活性炭（PAC）已被证明是饮用水处理中的一种有效吸附剂，但其与膜过滤相结合的应用仍然存在争议，因为有机污染物和 PAC 之间存在联合污染效应。为此，提出了一种将 PAC 吸附-催化氧化与膜过滤相结合的集成工艺，用于处理天然地表水。通过生成活性氧化物种证实了 PAC 和过一硫酸盐（PMS）之间的协同效应，并且过程中涉及自由基氧化途径（OH、SO 和 O）和非自由基（O 和 PMS）途径。PAC/PMS 显著增强了 DOC 和 UV 的去除效率，分别达到 56.1%和 64.9%。PAC 和 PMS 的集成可以显著增强对荧光有机物和不同分子量污染物的去除。膜的污染状况得到了显著缓解，通量增加了 38.9%，可逆和不可逆阻力分别下降了 79.7%和 48.3%。主要的污染机制发生了显著变化，完全孔阻塞总是起着主导作用，而不是滤饼过滤。PAC/PMS 的有效性通过膜表面形态和官能团的表征进一步得到了验证。此外，PAC/PMS 的预处理将污染物与膜之间的吸引相互作用转化为排斥相互作用。所提出的协同工艺高效便捷，可显著提高常规 PAC-UF 系统在饮用水处理中的净化效率。
