MEWO S.A., Starogardzka 16, 83-010 Straszyn, Poland.
Research Group on Maritime Transportation Risk and Safety, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland; Marine Technology Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15300, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2021 Oct;171:112747. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112747. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
Despite a progressive reduction of oil spills caused by the activity of maritime transportation, the latent sources of pollution still exist. Although the harmful impact of heavy fuel oil (HFO) on the marine environment is widely known, many shipwrecks cause contamination of the surrounding areas. In this paper, an approach to monitor the area of the HFO spill around a shipwreck is made using a bottom backscattering strength (BBS) obtained by a multibeam echosounder (MBES). As a case study, the s/s Stuttgart wreck located in the Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) is verified. Two different measurement campaigns have been carried out in shallow waters using low (190 kHz) and high (420 kHz) MBES frequency. The results indicate that the polluted area around s/s Stuttgart was estimated at 49.1 ha, which is around 18.3% more in comparison to the geological surveys made four years earlier.
尽管由于海上运输活动导致的石油泄漏呈逐步减少趋势，但潜在的污染源仍然存在。尽管重油 (HFO) 对海洋环境的有害影响广为人知，但许多沉船事故仍会导致周围地区受到污染。本文提出了一种利用多波束回声测深仪 (MBES) 获得的海底反向散射强度 (BBS) 来监测沉船周围 HFO 溢油区域的方法。作为案例研究，验证了位于波兰格但斯克湾的 s/s Stuttgart 沉船。在浅水区使用低（190 kHz）和高（420 kHz）MBES 频率进行了两次不同的测量活动。结果表明，s/s Stuttgart 周围的污染区域估计为 49.1 公顷，与四年前进行的地质调查相比，增加了约 18.3%。
