Quinn R W, Lowry P N, Zwaag R V
South Med J. 1978 Mar;71(3):242-6. doi: 10.1097/00007611-197803000-00006.
The results of this study (1969-1971 confirm previous findings that incidence rates for hemolytic and group A streptococci in Nashville school children fluctuate sporadically. During these two years, there was a significant decrease in streptococcal incidence and in typability of group A streptococci. A positive throat culture was not associated significantly more often with symptoms of an infection of the upper respiratory tract than when symptoms were absent. The larger the number of group A streptococci present in the throat culture, the more likely was a streptococcal antibody increase to occur. Nevertheless, some children with small numbers of group A streptococci had an antibody increase, and the degree of positivity of the throat culture was not a very accurate indication of whether an antibody response would occur. Epidemiologic factors such as age, sex, race, or crowding in the home did not seem to play a highly significant role in rates. Seasonal influences were marked in 1969-1970 but not in 1970-1971. Regarding socioeconomic background, the rates were consistently lower in Clemons school, which serves a predominantly black neighborhood of higher socioeconomic level, than in the other two schools. Our findings confirm that the incidence of acquisition of the hemolytic streptococcus is a continually changing, dynamic process among school children.
这项研究（1969 - 1971年）的结果证实了之前的发现，即纳什维尔学童中溶血性链球菌和A组链球菌的发病率呈零星波动。在这两年间，链球菌发病率以及A组链球菌的可分型性均显著下降。与无症状时相比，咽喉培养阳性与上呼吸道感染症状之间的关联并不更显著。咽喉培养中存在的A组链球菌数量越多，发生链球菌抗体增加的可能性就越大。然而，一些A组链球菌数量少的儿童也出现了抗体增加，而且咽喉培养的阳性程度并不是抗体反应是否会发生的非常准确的指标。年龄、性别、种族或家庭拥挤程度等流行病学因素似乎在发病率方面并未起到非常显著的作用。1969 - 1970年有明显的季节性影响，但1970 - 1971年则没有。关于社会经济背景，服务于社会经济水平较高的主要为黑人社区的克莱蒙斯学校的发病率始终低于其他两所学校。我们的研究结果证实，学童中溶血性链球菌感染的发生率是一个不断变化的动态过程。
