Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois.
Comp Med. 2021 Aug 1;71(4):271-284. doi: 10.30802/AALAS-CM-20-000116. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
Often referred to as the silent killer, ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. This disease rarely shows any physical symptoms until late stages and no known biomarkers are available for early detection. Because ovarian cancer is rarely detected early, the physiology behind the initiation, progression, treatment, and prevention of this disease remains largely unclear. Over the past 2 decades, the laying hen has emerged as a model that naturally develops epithelial ovarian cancer that is both pathologically and histologically similar to that of the human form of the disease. Different molecular signatures found in human ovarian cancer have also been identified in chicken ovarian cancer including increased CA125 and elevated E-cadherin expression, among others. Chemoprevention studies conducted in this model have shown that decreased ovulation and inflammation are associated with decreased incidence of ovarian cancer development. The purpose of this article is to review the major studies performed in laying hen model of ovarian cancer and discuss how these studies shape our current understanding of the pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer.
通常被称为“沉默杀手”的卵巢癌是最致命的妇科恶性肿瘤。这种疾病在晚期才很少出现任何身体症状，且目前尚无已知的生物标志物可用于早期检测。由于卵巢癌很少被早期发现，因此这种疾病的发生、发展、治疗和预防背后的生理学机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在过去的 20 年中，蛋鸡已成为一种自然发生上皮性卵巢癌的模型，其在病理和组织学上与人类形式的疾病相似。在鸡的卵巢癌中也发现了与人类卵巢癌中不同的分子特征，包括 CA125 增加和 E-钙黏蛋白表达升高等等。在这种模型中进行的化学预防研究表明，排卵减少和炎症减少与卵巢癌发展的发病率降低有关。本文的目的是回顾在蛋鸡卵巢癌模型中进行的主要研究，并讨论这些研究如何影响我们目前对上皮性卵巢癌的病理生理学、预防和治疗的理解。
