Toegel Forrest, Holtyn August F, Silverman Kenneth
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Psychol Rec. 2020 Feb 15;223. doi: 10.1007/s40732-020-00431-0. Epub 2020 Jan 17.
Unemployment, homelessness, and substance use are interrelated. The present study took place as part of a clinical trial aimed to promote employment and abstinence from alcohol in unemployed, homeless adults with alcohol use disorders. Participants earned abstinence-contingent financial incentives for completing employment-seeking activities and hourly stipends for working with an employment specialist. In the initial condition, participants were paid all earnings on Bi-Monthly intervals. Despite the availability of incentives for completing employment-seeking activities, participants completed activities at low rates. A multiple-baseline across participants was used to evaluate the effect of providing pay every day for completing employment-seeking activities. Daily pay increased rates of completing activities for all three participants. Results suggest that reinforcer immediacy can be an important parameter in the control of employment-seeking activities.
失业、无家可归和物质使用是相互关联的。本研究是一项临床试验的一部分，该试验旨在促进患有酒精使用障碍的失业无家可归成年人就业并戒酒。参与者因完成求职活动可获得与戒酒挂钩的经济奖励，与就业专家合作可获得小时津贴。在初始阶段，参与者每两个月领取一次所有收入。尽管完成求职活动有奖励，但参与者完成活动的比率较低。采用跨参与者的多基线设计来评估每天为完成求职活动支付报酬的效果。每日支付报酬提高了所有三名参与者完成活动的比率。结果表明，强化物的即时性可能是控制求职活动的一个重要参数。
