Phung Shee Kwan, Miller Jeffrey S, Felices Martin
Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Mol Diagn Ther. 2021 Sep;25(5):577-592. doi: 10.1007/s40291-021-00550-6. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy has grown significantly over the past two decades. More recently, multi-specific engagers have been developed as cancer therapeutics to effectively arm endogenous NK cells to more potently induce specific cytolytic responses against tumor targets. This review explores the bi- and tri-specific NK/tumor engagers that are emerging as a new generation of immunotherapeutics. These molecules vary in configuration, but they typically have small molecular weights and domains that engage specific tumor antigens and NK cell-activating receptors such as CD16, NKp30, NKp46, and NKG2D. They have demonstrated compelling potential in boosting NK cell cytotoxicity against specific tumor targets. This highly adaptable off-the-shelf platform, which in some formats also integrates cytokines, is poised to revolutionize targeted NK cell immunotherapy, either as a monotherapy or in combination with other effective anti-cancer therapies.
在过去二十年中,自然杀伤(NK)细胞介导的癌症免疫疗法有了显著发展。最近,多特异性衔接子已被开发为癌症治疗药物,以有效地武装内源性NK细胞,更有力地诱导针对肿瘤靶点的特异性细胞溶解反应。本综述探讨了作为新一代免疫疗法出现的双特异性和三特异性NK/肿瘤衔接子。这些分子的结构各不相同,但它们通常分子量较小,且具有与特定肿瘤抗原和NK细胞激活受体(如CD16、NKp30、NKp46和NKG2D)结合的结构域。它们在增强NK细胞对特定肿瘤靶点的细胞毒性方面已显示出令人信服的潜力。这个高度适应性强的现成平台,在某些形式中还整合了细胞因子,有望彻底改变靶向NK细胞免疫疗法,无论是作为单一疗法还是与其他有效的抗癌疗法联合使用。