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双特异性和三特异性NK细胞衔接器:靶向NK细胞免疫疗法的新途径。

Bi-specific and Tri-specific NK Cell Engagers: The New Avenue of Targeted NK Cell Immunotherapy.

作者信息

Phung Shee Kwan, Miller Jeffrey S, Felices Martin

机构信息

Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

出版信息

Mol Diagn Ther. 2021 Sep;25(5):577-592. doi: 10.1007/s40291-021-00550-6. Epub 2021 Jul 29.

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy has grown significantly over the past two decades. More recently, multi-specific engagers have been developed as cancer therapeutics to effectively arm endogenous NK cells to more potently induce specific cytolytic responses against tumor targets. This review explores the bi- and tri-specific NK/tumor engagers that are emerging as a new generation of immunotherapeutics. These molecules vary in configuration, but they typically have small molecular weights and domains that engage specific tumor antigens and NK cell-activating receptors such as CD16, NKp30, NKp46, and NKG2D. They have demonstrated compelling potential in boosting NK cell cytotoxicity against specific tumor targets. This highly adaptable off-the-shelf platform, which in some formats also integrates cytokines, is poised to revolutionize targeted NK cell immunotherapy, either as a monotherapy or in combination with other effective anti-cancer therapies.

摘要

在过去二十年中,自然杀伤(NK)细胞介导的癌症免疫疗法有了显著发展。最近,多特异性衔接子已被开发为癌症治疗药物,以有效地武装内源性NK细胞,更有力地诱导针对肿瘤靶点的特异性细胞溶解反应。本综述探讨了作为新一代免疫疗法出现的双特异性和三特异性NK/肿瘤衔接子。这些分子的结构各不相同,但它们通常分子量较小,且具有与特定肿瘤抗原和NK细胞激活受体(如CD16、NKp30、NKp46和NKG2D)结合的结构域。它们在增强NK细胞对特定肿瘤靶点的细胞毒性方面已显示出令人信服的潜力。这个高度适应性强的现成平台,在某些形式中还整合了细胞因子,有望彻底改变靶向NK细胞免疫疗法,无论是作为单一疗法还是与其他有效的抗癌疗法联合使用。

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