γ-亚麻酸在 57 种黑穗醋栗种和品种中的分布。

Gamma-linolenic Acid from Fifty-seven Ribes Species and Cultivars.

机构信息

Tecnología de Alimentos, Universidad de Almería, 04120, Almería, Spain.

Department of Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Winemaking, Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 127550, Moscow, Russia.

出版信息

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2021 Sep;76(3):385-393. doi: 10.1007/s11130-021-00913-8. Epub 2021 Jul 30.

DOI:10.1007/s11130-021-00913-8

PMID:34328593

Abstract

γ-linolenic acid (GLA, 18:3n-6) is a bioactive fatty acid (FA) that exerts several healthy actions; however, its occurrence is restricted to a few oils. The goal of this study was to detect GLA-rich Ribes species and cultivars (cv), and to achieve this the seeds of 7 Ribes taxa and 50 Ribes cv were surveyed for FA profiles. The highest GLA percentages were found in R. nigrum cv 'Plotnokistnaya', 'Volshebnica', 'Atlant' and 'Nara' (22.6, 22.1, 20.9, and 20.0% of total FA, respectively) and also in R. komarovii (19.6%) and R. nigrum var. sibiricum (18.3%). Stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n-3) had the highest values in both R. rubrum 'Konstantinovskaya' and R. niveum 'Smolyaninovskaya' (4.8%). GLA content ranged from 0.4 in some R. rubrum cv and R. niveum 'Smolyaninovskaya' to 3.5 g/100 g seeds in R. nigrum 'Plotnokistnaya'. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed using PUFA profiles, which allowed grouping Ribes sections as well as black currant cv derived from different pedigree within the section Coreosma. All taxa and cv checked here are valuable by-product sources, given the high GLA percentages contained in their seed oils. Such cv could be used for healthy oils production, as well as for breeding to obtain new cv with improved GLA concentrations.

摘要

γ-亚麻酸（GLA，18:3n-6）是一种具有生物活性的脂肪酸（FA），具有多种健康作用；然而，它的存在仅限于少数几种油。本研究的目的是检测富含 GLA 的 Ribes 种和品种（cv），为此调查了 7 个 Ribes 分类群和 50 个 Ribes cv 的种子的 FA 图谱。在 R. nigrum cv 'Plotnokistnaya'、'Volshebnica'、'Atlant' 和 'Nara'（分别为总 FA 的 22.6%、22.1%、20.9%和 20.0%）以及 R. komarovii（19.6%）和 R. nigrum var. sibiricum（18.3%）中发现了最高的 GLA 百分比。在 R. rubrum 'Konstantinovskaya'和 R. niveum 'Smolyaninovskaya'中，硬脂酸（SDA，18:4n-3）的含量最高（分别为 4.8%）。GLA 含量从某些 R. rubrum cv 和 R. niveum 'Smolyaninovskaya'中的 0.4 到 R. nigrum 'Plotnokistnaya'中的 3.5 g/100 g 种子不等。使用多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）图谱进行主成分分析（PCA），这允许根据核心欧米茄组中不同血统的黑加仑 cv 对 Ribes 节进行分组。考虑到其籽油中含有高百分比的 GLA，这里检查的所有分类群和 cv 都是有价值的副产品来源。这些 cv 可以用于生产健康油，也可以用于培育以获得新的 cv，提高 GLA 浓度。