Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada.
J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Dec 23;57(24):11528-36. doi: 10.1021/jf902161k.
The seeds from five black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars grown in western Canada were evaluated for their oil content, fatty acid and triacylglycerol (TAG) composition, and tocopherol and phytosterol profiles and contents. Moreover, polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in the seed extracts remaining after oil extraction were determined. Oil contents of black currant seeds ranged from 27 to 33%. The gamma-linolenic acid content varied significantly among the cultivars (from 11% for Ben Conan to 17% for Ben Tirran). Among the 44 TAGs identified, LLalphaLn, alphaLnLgammaLn, and PLgammaLn (where L = linoleoyl, alphaLn = alpha-linolenoyl, gammaLn = gamma-linolenoyl, and P = palmitoyl) were the predominant ones. Black currant seed oil was a good source of tocopherols (1143 mg/100 g of oil on average) and phytosterols (6453 mg/100 g of oil on average). Quercetin-3-glucoside and p-coumaric acid were the main phenolic components in the seed residues. The high concentration of flavonols and phenolic acids was correlated with a high antioxidant activity of seed residue (average ABTS value of 1.5 mM/100 g and DPPH value of 1.2 mM/100 g). The data obtained from this study indicate that Canadian black currant seed oil is a good source of essential fatty acids, tocopherols, and phytosterols. Extraction of phenolic antioxidants from the seed residues even allows the recovery of additional valuable components from the byproduct of fruit processing.
对五种在加拿大西部种植的黑加仑（Ribes nigrum L.）品种的种子进行了评估，以确定其油含量、脂肪酸和三酰基甘油（TAG）组成，以及生育酚和植物甾醇的含量和组成。此外，还测定了油提取后种子提取物中的多酚化合物和抗氧化活性。黑加仑种子的油含量范围为 27%至 33%。不同品种之间的γ-亚麻酸含量差异显著（从 Ben Conan 的 11%到 Ben Tirran 的 17%）。在所鉴定的 44 种 TAG 中，LLalphaLn、alphaLnLgammaLn 和 PLgammaLn（其中 L = 亚油酸酰基、alphaLn = α-亚麻酸酰基、gammaLn = γ-亚麻酸酰基、和 P = 棕榈酰基）是主要的。黑加仑籽油是生育酚（平均 100 克油 1143 毫克）和植物甾醇（平均 100 克油 6453 毫克）的良好来源。槲皮素-3-葡萄糖苷和对香豆酸是种子残渣中的主要酚类成分。类黄酮和酚酸的高浓度与种子残渣的高抗氧化活性相关（平均 ABTS 值为 1.5 mM/100 g，DPPH 值为 1.2 mM/100 g）。本研究获得的数据表明，加拿大黑加仑籽油是必需脂肪酸、生育酚和植物甾醇的良好来源。从种子残渣中提取酚类抗氧化剂甚至可以从水果加工的副产物中回收更多有价值的成分。
