Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(37):5559-5566. doi: 10.1038/s41388-021-01977-1. Epub 2021 Jul 30.
Non-coding RNAs are emerging as critical molecules in the genesis, progression, and therapy resistance of cutaneous melanoma. This includes circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs with distinct characteristics that forms through non-canonical back-splicing. In this review, we summarize the features and functions of circRNAs and introduce the current knowledge of the roles of circRNAs in melanoma. We also highlight the various mechanisms of action of the well-studied circRNA CDR1as and describe how it acts as a melanoma tumor suppressor. We further discuss the utility of circRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and therapeutic agents in melanoma and outline challenges that must be overcome to comprehensively characterize circRNA functions.
非编码 RNA 作为皮肤黑色素瘤发生、进展和治疗耐药性的关键分子而受到关注。这包括环状 RNA（circRNA），一类通过非规范的反向剪接形成的具有独特特征的非编码 RNA。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 circRNA 的特征和功能，并介绍了 circRNA 在黑色素瘤中的作用的现有知识。我们还强调了研究较为充分的 circRNA CDR1as 的各种作用机制，并描述了它如何作为黑色素瘤肿瘤抑制因子发挥作用。我们还进一步讨论了 circRNA 作为黑色素瘤的生物标志物、治疗靶点和治疗剂的应用，并概述了全面描述 circRNA 功能所必须克服的挑战。
