Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
St. John's University, New York, NY, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2021 Jul 30;23(10):63. doi: 10.1007/s11920-021-01277-1.
Neuropsychological assessment involves the comprehensive evaluation of intellectual, attentional, executive, social-cognitive, language, and motor functioning. Such assessments are used to characterize areas of strength and weakness, inform differential diagnosis, guide treatment planning, and evaluate change over time. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) present with varied clinical presentations, which can make the design of testing batteries and subsequent interpretation of results challenging. Here we provide an overview of neuropsychological domains as they relate to the evaluation of individuals with ASD.
Individuals with ASD demonstrate unique patterns of neuropsychological functioning across various domains. Recent findings related to intellectual, adaptive, executive, attentional, social, language, motor, and autism-specific functioning are reviewed. Clarifying the relationship between ASD symptoms and neuropsychological functioning is critical for differential diagnosis and for optimal treatment planning. Tools and methods for developing appropriate neuropsychological testing protocols for individuals with ASD are discussed.
神经心理学评估包括对智力、注意力、执行功能、社会认知、语言和运动功能的全面评估。这些评估用于描述优势和劣势领域，为鉴别诊断提供信息，指导治疗计划，并评估随时间的变化。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的临床表现各不相同，这使得测试组合的设计和随后的结果解释具有挑战性。在这里，我们提供了与 ASD 患者评估相关的神经心理学领域概述。
自闭症谱系障碍患者在各个领域的神经心理学功能表现出独特的模式。本文综述了与智力、适应、执行、注意力、社交、语言、运动以及自闭症特异性功能相关的最新发现。阐明 ASD 症状与神经心理学功能之间的关系对于鉴别诊断和最佳治疗计划至关重要。还讨论了为 ASD 患者制定适当神经心理学测试方案的工具和方法。
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