Cavalieri M, D'Urso D, Lassa A, Pierdominici E, Robello M, Grasso A
Istituto di Biologia Cellulare, CNR, Roma, Italy.
Toxicon. 1987;25(9):965-74. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(87)90159-0.
The simplified purification protocol established for the isolation of alpha-latrotoxin from the venom of the spider Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, has been employed for the purification of toxic components present in the venom of the spider Steatoda paykulliana. The venom of this spider, frequently mistaken for L. tredecimguttatus, is by tradition considered to cause an envenomation potentially dangerous to man. The venom of S. paykulliana has little toxic effect on guinea-pigs but is extremely toxic to houseflies (Musca domestica). No proteolytic activity was detectable. Interaction of microgram/ml amounts of the venom extract with artificial lipid membranes produces an increase of membrane conductance through the formation of stable ion-permeable channels modulated by the direction and size of the electric potential differences across the membrane. Higher concentrations of this venom are able to stimulate the release of transmitters from neurosecretory cells in a fashion reminiscent of black widow spider venom. Antibodies against the whole L. tredecimguttatus venom gave a few positive cross-reactions in the immunodiffusion test with S. paykulliana venom gland extract indicating the presence of common molecular sequences in the two venoms. Polyclonal antibodies against alpha-latrotoxin did not cross-react in the immunodiffusion test with S. paykulliana venom extracts, nor in the immunofluorescence assay with its cephalothorax sections, thus suggesting that the venom glands do not contain alpha-latrotoxin. A partial characterization of S. paykulliana venom has been performed and a high molecular weight protein toxic to houseflies has been partially purified.
为从红斑寇蛛毒液中分离α-拉托毒素而建立的简化纯化方案，已用于纯化佩氏花皮蛛毒液中的有毒成分。这种蜘蛛的毒液常被误认为是红斑寇蛛的毒液，传统上被认为会导致对人类有潜在危险的中毒。佩氏花皮蛛毒液对豚鼠毒性很小，但对家蝇（家蝇）毒性极强。未检测到蛋白水解活性。微克/毫升量的毒液提取物与人工脂质膜相互作用，通过形成由跨膜电势差的方向和大小调节的稳定离子渗透通道，导致膜电导增加。这种毒液的较高浓度能够以类似于黑寡妇蜘蛛毒液的方式刺激神经分泌细胞释放递质。抗红斑寇蛛全毒液的抗体在免疫扩散试验中与佩氏花皮蛛毒液腺提取物有一些阳性交叉反应，表明两种毒液中存在共同的分子序列。抗α-拉托毒素的多克隆抗体在免疫扩散试验中与佩氏花皮蛛毒液提取物没有交叉反应，在免疫荧光试验中与它的头胸部切片也没有交叉反应，因此表明毒液腺中不含有α-拉托毒素。已对佩氏花皮蛛毒液进行了部分表征，并部分纯化了一种对家蝇有毒的高分子量蛋白质。
