Queensland University of Technology, School of Nursing, Brisbane, Australia; Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre at Centre for Children's Health Research, Brisbane, Australia; Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Patient Educ Couns. 2022 Apr;105(4):974-981. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.07.034. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
Cancer can have long-term biopsychological impacts for young people that persist for years. To promote adjustment, it is essential to understand how young people cope, yet this is relatively understudied.
This study explored the coping strategies using semi-structured interviews with 16 young people with cancer aged 15-24 years. Eligible participants were diagnosed within the previous 24 months and recruited through Australian Youth Cancer Services. Transcribed interviews were analysed using content analysis.
Coping strategies included: seeking support; controlling the focus; avoiding negatives and staying positive; meaning making and; changes with time. During treatment, seeking support, focussing on the present, distraction and avoidance were commonly applied. Following treatment, planning for the future, avoidance of re-traumatising situations and meaning making were used.
Findings support the concept of coping as a dynamic process where different strategies are used depending on the stressor, available resources and previous experiences.
Comprehensive, developmentally appropriate psychosocial assessments, open communication, education and information provision, as well as appropriate referral for support are essential, particularly for young cancer survivors identified at risk.
癌症会对年轻人产生长期的心理影响，这种影响会持续多年。为了促进适应，了解年轻人如何应对至关重要，但这方面的研究相对较少。
本研究通过对 16 名 15-24 岁的癌症青年进行半结构化访谈，探讨了应对策略。符合条件的参与者在过去 24 个月内被诊断出患有癌症，并通过澳大利亚青年癌症服务机构招募。转录的访谈使用内容分析进行分析。
应对策略包括寻求支持；控制焦点；避免消极因素和保持积极态度；寻找意义和；随时间的变化而变化。在治疗期间，寻求支持、关注现在、分散注意力和避免是常见的应对方式。治疗后，规划未来、避免再次创伤和寻找意义是常用的应对方式。
研究结果支持应对是一个动态过程的概念，根据压力源、可用资源和以往经验，会使用不同的策略。
全面、适合发展阶段的心理社会评估、开放的沟通、教育和信息提供，以及适当的支持转介是必要的，特别是对被确定为有风险的年轻癌症幸存者。
