Zamboanga Byron L, Zhang Minyu, Olthuis Janine V, Kim Su Yeong
Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA.
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Cognit Ther Res. 2018 Jun;42(3):302-314. doi: 10.1007/s10608-017-9886-1. Epub 2017 Dec 29.
Drinking motives have been theorized as "the final common pathway" to alcohol use, and have been found to be associated with certain drinking patterns and related outcomes. Given the importance of the context in which people drink, researchers have also begun to pay close attention to motives that are specific to participation in a drinking game. The present study builds on this burgeoning body of work by testing how sociability and liquid courage alcohol outcome expectancies and valuations are indirectly associated with drinking game behaviors by way of drinking game motives. Participants consisted of 686 students from eight U.S. colleges/universities (ages 18-23, mean age = 19.45; 73.8% female; 68.2% white) who completed a self-report questionnaire which asked about drinking game behaviors and motives for playing, alcohol outcome expectancies and valuations, general drinking motives, and typical alcohol use. Controlling for demographics, general drinking motives, and typical alcohol use, results indicated that liquid courage (alcohol outcome expectancies) and sociability (alcohol outcome expectancies and valuations) were indirectly associated with drinking game behaviors by way of enhancement/thrills and social lubrication motives for playing drinking games, respectively. Findings suggest that motives specific to playing drinking games operate similarly to general drinking motives as the "final common pathway" to drinking game behaviors. Implications for motivation-matched and expectancy challenge strategies aimed at reducing drinking games participation on college campuses are discussed.
饮酒动机被理论化为饮酒行为的“最终共同路径”，并且已被发现与特定的饮酒模式及相关结果有关。鉴于人们饮酒时所处环境的重要性，研究人员也开始密切关注参与饮酒游戏所特有的动机。本研究基于这一新兴的研究领域，通过测试社交性和借酒壮胆的酒精结果预期及评价如何通过饮酒游戏动机间接与饮酒游戏行为相关联。参与者包括来自美国八所学院/大学的686名学生（年龄在18 - 23岁之间，平均年龄 = 19.45岁；73.8%为女性；68.2%为白人），他们完成了一份自我报告问卷，该问卷询问了饮酒游戏行为、玩游戏的动机、酒精结果预期及评价、一般饮酒动机和典型饮酒情况。在控制了人口统计学因素、一般饮酒动机和典型饮酒情况后，结果表明，借酒壮胆（酒精结果预期）和社交性（酒精结果预期及评价）分别通过玩饮酒游戏的增强/刺激动机和社交润滑动机间接与饮酒游戏行为相关联。研究结果表明，参与饮酒游戏所特有的动机与一般饮酒动机类似，都是饮酒游戏行为的“最终共同路径”。文中还讨论了针对减少大学校园饮酒游戏参与的动机匹配和预期挑战策略的意义。
