Pintea Irena, Petricau Carina, Dumitrascu Dinu, Muntean Adriana, Branisteanu Daniel Constantin, Branisteanu Daciana Elena, Deleanu Diana
Allergy Department, 'Professor Doctor Octavian Fodor' Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Allergology and Immunology Discipline, 'Iuliu Hatieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Exp Ther Med. 2021 Sep;22(3):949. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10381. Epub 2021 Jul 3.
The present paper aims to review the topic of adverse reactions to biological agents, in terms of the incriminating mechanisms and therapeutic approach. As a result of immunomodulatory therapy, the last decade has achieved spectacular results in the targeted treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases, to name a few. The widespread use of biological agents is, however, associated with an increase in the number of observed adverse drug reactions ranging from local erythema to systemic reactions, including life-threatening immunologically mediated events, which justifies the need for a deeper understanding of this subject. Rapid desensitization to biological agents emerges as a treatment strategy for anaphylactic (immediate or delayed) hypersensitivity reactions as well as for severe infusion reactions. Drug desensitization is the administration of progressively increasing doses of the specific preparation until reaching the therapeutic dose in order to induce immunological tolerance and is indicated when the drugs are indispensable to the therapeutic regimen of individuals with hypersensitivity reactions to the preparation, with no reasonable alternatives.
本文旨在从致病机制和治疗方法方面，对生物制剂的不良反应这一主题进行综述。免疫调节治疗的结果是，在过去十年中，针对炎症性、自身免疫性和肿瘤性疾病等的靶向治疗取得了惊人的成果。然而，生物制剂的广泛使用与观察到的药物不良反应数量增加有关，这些不良反应从局部红斑到全身反应不等，包括危及生命的免疫介导事件，这证明有必要更深入地了解这一主题。对生物制剂的快速脱敏作为一种治疗策略，可用于过敏性（即刻或延迟）超敏反应以及严重的输液反应。药物脱敏是指逐渐增加特定制剂的剂量直至达到治疗剂量，以诱导免疫耐受，当药物对于对该制剂过敏的个体的治疗方案不可或缺且没有合理替代方案时，即可采用。
