Sabbagh Susan, Amiri Marzieh, Khorramizadeh Maryam, Iranpourmobarake Zahra, Nickbakht Mansoureh
Department of Medical Anatomy, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, IRN.
Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IRN.
Cureus. 2021 Jun 26;13(6):e15947. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15947. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Newborn hearing screening is essential for early identification of hearing loss to decrease the adverse effects of hearing loss. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and risk factors of congenital hearing loss in newborns.
In this analytical case-control study, a hearing screening test was performed for all newborns aged 3-14 days.
Of 5,500 newborns evaluated, 24 newborns had hearing loss. The prevalence of hearing loss was 4.36 per 1,000. Of 24 hearing-impaired newborns, 15 had bilateral hearing loss (BHL) (62.5%) and nine had unilateral hearing loss (UHL) (37.5%). Among the neonates with hearing loss, the prevalence of hearing loss was higher (77.8%) in the right ear. The main risk factors identified in this study were low gestational age (=0.001), hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) (=0.008), exposure to ototoxic drugs (=0.001), gestational diabetes =0.01), craniofacial anomalies (=0.01), convulsion (=0.03), consanguineous marriage of parents (=0.001), low birth weight (=0.01), and hyperbilirubinemia (=0.001).
The prevalence of hearing loss was higher in the right ear than in the left ear. NICU stay, use of ototoxic drugs, low gestational age (<35 weeks), gestational diabetes, craniofacial anomalies, convulsion, consanguineous marriage of parents, low birth weight, and hyperbilirubinemia were significant risk factors for congenital hearing loss in studied newborns.
新生儿听力筛查对于早期发现听力损失以降低听力损失的不良影响至关重要。本研究的目的是确定新生儿听力损失的患病率以及先天性听力损失的危险因素。
在这项分析性病例对照研究中，对所有3至14天的新生儿进行了听力筛查测试。
在评估的5500名新生儿中，有24名新生儿存在听力损失。听力损失的患病率为每1000人中有4.36人。在24名听力受损的新生儿中，15名患有双侧听力损失（BHL）（62.5%），9名患有单侧听力损失（UHL）（37.5%）。在听力损失的新生儿中，右耳听力损失的患病率更高（77.8%）。本研究确定的主要危险因素为孕周低（=0.001）、入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）（=0.008）、接触耳毒性药物（=0.001）、妊娠期糖尿病（=0.01）、颅面畸形（=0.01）、惊厥（=0.03）、父母近亲结婚（=0.001）、低出生体重（=0.01）和高胆红素血症（=0.001）。
右耳听力损失的患病率高于左耳。入住NICU、使用耳毒性药物、孕周低（<35周）、妊娠期糖尿病、颅面畸形、惊厥、父母近亲结婚、低出生体重和高胆红素血症是所研究新生儿先天性听力损失的重要危险因素。
