Maurice-Ventouris Meagane, Muller Moran Hellmuth R, Alharbi Mohammed, Ahn Byunghoon Tony, Harley Jason M, Lachapelle Kevin J
Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Surg Open Sci. 2021 May 12;5:25-33. doi: 10.1016/j.sopen.2021.05.001. eCollection 2021 Jul.
Visuospatial abilities are an important component of technical skill acquisition. Targeted visuospatial ability training may have positive implications for training programs. The development of such interventions requires an adequate understanding of the visuospatial ability processes necessary for surgical and nonsurgical tasks. This scoping review aims to identify the components of visuospatial ability that have been reported in surgical and nonsurgical trainees and determine if there is consensus regarding the language and psychometric measures used, clarifying the elements that may be required to develop interventions that enhance visuospatial ability.
A scoping review was designed to identify relevant records from EMBASE and Medline until January 13, 2020. Data were extracted on visuospatial ability terminology, dimensions, instruments, and interventions with results stratified by specialty (surgical, nonsurgical, or mixed). Conference abstracts, opinion pieces, and review studies were excluded.
Out of 882 total records, 26 were identified that met criteria for inclusion. Surgical specialities were represented in > 90% of results. A total of 16 unique terms were used to describe visuospatial ability and were measured using 34 instruments, of which eight were used more than once. Eighteen different dimensions were identified. A single study explored the effects of a targeted visuospatial ability intervention.
A wide range of visuospatial ability terms, instruments, and dimensions were identified, suggesting an incomplete understanding of the components most relevant to surgical and nonsurgical tasks. This confusion may be hindering the development of visuospatial ability targeted interventions during residency training. A rigorous methodological model is proposed to help unify the field and guide future research.
视觉空间能力是技术技能习得的重要组成部分。有针对性的视觉空间能力训练可能对培训项目有积极影响。此类干预措施的开发需要充分了解手术和非手术任务所需的视觉空间能力过程。本范围综述旨在确定手术和非手术学员中已报告的视觉空间能力组成部分，并确定在使用的语言和心理测量方法方面是否存在共识，阐明开发增强视觉空间能力的干预措施可能需要的要素。
设计了一项范围综述，以识别截至2020年1月13日来自EMBASE和Medline的相关记录。提取了关于视觉空间能力术语、维度、工具和干预措施的数据，结果按专业（手术、非手术或混合）分层。会议摘要、观点文章和综述研究被排除。
在总共882条记录中，确定了26条符合纳入标准。超过90%的结果涉及外科专业。总共使用了16个独特的术语来描述视觉空间能力，并使用34种工具进行测量，其中8种工具被使用不止一次。确定了18个不同的维度。一项单一研究探讨了有针对性的视觉空间能力干预的效果。
确定了广泛的视觉空间能力术语、工具和维度，这表明对与手术和非手术任务最相关的组成部分理解不完整。这种混淆可能阻碍住院医师培训期间针对视觉空间能力的干预措施的开发。提出了一个严格的方法模型，以帮助统一该领域并指导未来的研究。
