Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany.
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany.
Brain Behav Immun. 2021 Oct;97:219-225. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.024. Epub 2021 Jul 30.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been linked to elevated inflammation markers. It remains unclear whether the elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are not only observable in acute MDD but also in patients after remission. MDD is a common sequela of early life maltreatment (ELM), which has also been associated with elevated inflammation markers. While the majority of studies investigated (acute) MDD and ELM as isolated predictors of inflammation, a few studies found inflammation levels to be more pronounced in patients with MDD that were exposed to ELM. This investigation included both ELM and MDD in one study and aimed at distinguishing between the effects of MDD in remission (rMDD) and ELM and investigating potential accumulative effects on the inflammatory markers CRP and IL-6 in a population of N = 126 women (n = 122 for CRP and n = 66 for IL-6). We further investigated how disorder characteristics (course and severity) and specific types of ELM affect levels of CRP and IL-6. We found that rMDD predicted levels of CRP and IL-6 and physical abuse predicted levels of CRP when considering both predictors simultaneously, while other types of ELM did not. A later onset of MDD and a shorter time interval since the last episode were associated with higher levels of IL-6. Our findings contribute to the existing literature on the association between MDD and inflammation, suggesting that elevated levels of inflammation markers may persist even after remission of MDD. Our findings on physical abuse as a specific predictor of CRP in the presence of rMDD suggest that different types of ELM could result in distinct inflammation profiles.
重度抑郁症（MDD）与炎症标志物升高有关。目前尚不清楚 C 反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素 6（IL-6）水平的升高不仅在急性 MDD 中可见，而且在缓解后的患者中也可见。MDD 是儿童早期虐待（ELM）的常见后遗症，也与炎症标志物升高有关。虽然大多数研究将（急性）MDD 和 ELM 作为炎症的独立预测因子进行了研究，但一些研究发现，在暴露于 ELM 的 MDD 患者中，炎症水平更为明显。这项研究将 ELM 和 MDD 都纳入了一项研究中，旨在区分缓解期 MDD（rMDD）和 ELM 的影响，并研究炎症标志物 CRP 和 IL-6 在 N=126 名女性（n=122 名用于 CRP，n=66 名用于 IL-6）人群中的潜在累积效应。我们进一步研究了障碍特征（病程和严重程度）和特定类型的 ELM 如何影响 CRP 和 IL-6 的水平。我们发现，考虑到两个预测因子，rMDD 预测 CRP 和 IL-6 的水平，而身体虐待预测 CRP 的水平，而其他类型的 ELM 则没有。MDD 的发病时间较晚和最后一次发作后时间间隔较短与较高的 IL-6 水平相关。我们的研究结果丰富了 MDD 与炎症之间关联的现有文献，表明即使在 MDD 缓解后，炎症标志物的水平可能仍然升高。我们关于在 rMDD 存在的情况下身体虐待作为 CRP 特定预测因子的研究结果表明，不同类型的 ELM 可能导致不同的炎症特征。
