Orthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2021 Nov;207:112013. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112013. Epub 2021 Jul 28.
Effective hemostasis and antibacterial efficacy for extensive trauma in a warzone and civilian accidents are important for reducing mortalities and serious complications. Gelatin has been widely used as a hemostatic agent and has the potential for use in drug delivery systems. To enhance its hemostatic efficiency and create conducive conditions for sustained drug release, we developed Vancomycin-impregnated porous gelatin microspheres (Van-MS) by introducing the porous structure into gelatin. Results showed that Van-MS can be successfully developed via the ice crystal pore-making method combined with hydration maintaining its stability. We also explored the use of biodegradable porous materials for treatment of infections and bleeding in soft tissue, and analyzed Van-MS via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results from Van-MS showed high hemostatic both efficacies in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, muscle lesions treated by Van-MS showed formation of fibrous connective tissue and were nearly sealed after 10 days in a rabbit traumatic infection model. This antibacterial performance was attributed to absorption of exudates and sustained drug release. Hemostatic effects were due to: (1) particles water swelling form a physical barrier that led to physical hemostasis; (2) activation of the endogenous coagulation pathway which resulted in physiological hemostasis; (3) aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes after absorbing water; and (4) stronger hemostatic properties owing to their porous structure with high specific surface area.
在战区和民用事故中，广泛的创伤需要有效的止血和抗菌效果，以降低死亡率和严重并发症。明胶已被广泛用作止血剂，并具有作为药物传递系统的潜力。为了提高其止血效率并为持续药物释放创造有利条件，我们通过在明胶中引入多孔结构来开发了载万古霉素多孔明胶微球（Van-MS）。结果表明，Van-MS 可以通过冰晶造孔法结合水合作用成功开发，并且可以保持其稳定性。我们还探索了使用可生物降解的多孔材料来治疗软组织感染和出血，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、扫描电子显微镜和能量色散 X 射线光谱（SEM-EDS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和高效液相色谱法（HPLC）对 Van-MS 进行了分析。Van-MS 的结果表明，其在体内和体外均具有很高的止血效果。此外，在兔创伤感染模型中，用 Van-MS 治疗的肌肉损伤显示出纤维结缔组织的形成，并且在 10 天后几乎被封闭。这种抗菌性能归因于吸收渗出物和持续的药物释放。止血作用是由于：（1）颗粒的水膨胀形成物理屏障，导致物理止血；（2）内源性凝血途径的激活导致生理止血；（3）吸水后血小板和红细胞的聚集；（4）由于其具有高比表面积的多孔结构，具有更强的止血性能。
