College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China; Institute of Systems Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom.
Institute of Systems Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2021 Oct;63:133-141. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.07.006. Epub 2021 Jul 31.
Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are self-assembling prokaryotic organelles consisting of a polyhedral proteinaceous shell and encapsulated enzymes that are involved in CO fixation or carbon catabolism. Addressing how the hundreds of building components self-assemble to form the metabolically functional organelles and how their structures and functions are modulated in the extremely dynamic bacterial cytoplasm is of importance for basic understanding of protein organelle formation and synthetic engineering of metabolic modules for biotechnological applications. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the protein composition and stoichiometry of BMCs, with a particular focus on carboxysomes and propanediol utilization microcompartments. We also discuss relevant research on the structural plasticity of native and engineered BMCs, and the physiological regulation of BMC assembly, function and positioning in native hosts.
细菌微室（BMCs）是自我组装的原核细胞器，由多面蛋白壳和包裹的酶组成，参与 CO2 固定或碳分解代谢。了解数百个构建组件如何自我组装形成具有代谢功能的细胞器，以及它们的结构和功能如何在极其动态的细菌细胞质中被调节，对于理解蛋白质细胞器的形成和用于生物技术应用的代谢模块的合成工程具有重要意义。在这里，我们重点介绍了近年来在理解 BMC 蛋白质组成和化学计量方面的进展，特别是关于羧基体和 1,2-丙二醇利用微室。我们还讨论了关于天然和工程化 BMC 的结构可塑性以及在天然宿主中 BMC 组装、功能和定位的生理调节的相关研究。
