Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Exp Gerontol. 2021 Oct 1;153:111505. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111505. Epub 2021 Aug 1.
To investigate age-related changes in the intramuscular adipose tissue (IAT) of the tongue and geniohyoid muscle (GHM) and associated factors.
Exploratory cross-sectional study.
This study included 89 participants recruited from a health survey, which included 38 younger adults (age range, 20-63 years) and 51 older adults (age range, 65-87 years).
Age, body mass index, body fat, lean body mass, skeletal muscle mass index, trunk muscle mass index, tongue pressure, jaw opening force, and oral diadochokinesis were assessed. The cross-sectional area (CSA) and echo intensity (EI) of the tongue and GHM were measured using ultrasonography. IAT was assessed according to EI values. The factors related to the IAT of each muscle were examined using multiple regression analysis. We also investigated the correlation of IAT with factors related to oral function and systemic and morphological factors.
Neither the EI of the tongue nor that of the GHM had a significant correlation with factors related to oral function and systemic factors. In the multiple regression analysis, significant explanatory variables for EI of the tongue and GHM were age (β = 0.14, P = 0.019; tongue and β = 0.13, P = 0.017; GHM) and the CSA of each muscle (β = -0.01, P = 0.042; tongue and β = -0.04, P = 0.003; GHM). EI was positively associated with age and negatively associated with muscle CSA.
Age-related changes in the IAT show the same trend for both the tongue and GHM, unlike age-related changes in muscle mass. The IATs of the tongue and GHM were not significantly correlated with oral function and systemic factors. Therefore, EI may not be a useful index for the functional evaluation of the tongue and GHM.
研究舌内肌和颏舌肌的肌肉内脂肪（IAT）随年龄变化的情况及其相关因素。
探索性横断面研究。
本研究纳入了一项健康调查中的 89 名参与者，包括 38 名年轻人（年龄 20-63 岁）和 51 名老年人（年龄 65-87 岁）。
评估年龄、体重指数、体脂、瘦体重、骨骼肌质量指数、躯干肌肉质量指数、舌压、张口力和口腔交替运动速度。使用超声测量舌和颏舌肌的横截面积（CSA）和回声强度（EI）。根据 EI 值评估 IAT。使用多元回归分析检查与各肌肉 IAT 相关的因素。我们还研究了 IAT 与口腔功能和全身及形态学因素相关因素的相关性。
舌和颏舌肌的 EI 均与口腔功能和全身因素无显著相关性。多元回归分析中，舌和颏舌肌 EI 的显著解释变量为年龄（β=0.14，P=0.019；舌和β=0.13，P=0.017；颏舌肌）和各肌肉 CSA（β=-0.01，P=0.042；舌和β=-0.04，P=0.003；颏舌肌）。EI 与年龄呈正相关，与肌肉 CSA 呈负相关。
舌和颏舌肌 IAT 的变化趋势与肌肉量的变化趋势不同，与年龄有关。舌和颏舌肌的 IAT 与口腔功能和全身因素无显著相关性。因此，EI 可能不是评估舌和颏舌肌功能的有用指标。
