一项关于团队运动运动员下肢向心平均功率、峰值功率和平均推进功率发展的阻力训练方法的系统综述。
A systematic review of resistance training methodologies for the development of lower body concentric mean power, peak power, and mean propulsive power in team-sport athletes.
作者信息
Cormier Patrick, Freitas Tomás T, Seaman Kenneth
机构信息
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.
UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport - Catholic University of Murcia, UCAM, Spain.
出版信息
Sports Biomech. 2024 Oct;23(10):1229-1262. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2021.1948601. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
This study aimed to systematically review training methods prescribed to develop lower-body power, determine their effectiveness for the development of lower-body mechanical power and their implementation in an annual training cycle amongst team-sport athletes. The absolute and relative outcome values of concentric mean power, peak power and mean propulsive power were extracted from 19 studies. Outcomes were assessed using baseline to post intervention percent change, effect sizes, and the level of evidence concerning the method's effectiveness. A thorough analysis of the literature indicated that, based on the high level of evidence, traditional (e.g., strength training alone) and combination training (e.g., complex and contrast) methods should be considered. Further, optimal load and velocity-based training can be implemented if coaches have access to the appropriate equipment to monitor movement velocity and mechanical power in every session. This is of particular importance in periods of the season where high volumes of technical-tactical training and congested fixture periods are present. Also, flywheel, eccentric overload and weightlifting methods have been shown to be effective although the level of evidence is low. Future research should expand on current training practices whilst adequately reporting actual training loads from sport-specific training and games alongside strength-power training protocols.
本研究旨在系统回顾为发展下肢力量所规定的训练方法,确定其对发展下肢机械功率的有效性以及在团队运动运动员年度训练周期中的实施情况。从19项研究中提取了向心平均功率、峰值功率和平均推进功率的绝对和相对结果值。使用基线到干预后的百分比变化、效应量以及有关该方法有效性的证据水平来评估结果。对文献的全面分析表明,基于高水平的证据,应考虑传统方法(例如单纯的力量训练)和组合训练方法(例如复合训练和对比训练)。此外,如果教练能够使用适当的设备在每次训练中监测运动速度和机械功率,那么可以实施基于最佳负荷和速度的训练。这在赛季中技术战术训练量很大且赛程密集的时期尤为重要。此外,尽管证据水平较低,但飞轮训练、离心过载训练和举重方法已被证明是有效的。未来的研究应在当前训练实践的基础上进行拓展,同时充分报告特定运动训练和比赛中的实际训练负荷以及力量-功率训练方案。