Carenfelt C, Lundberg C
Acta Otolaryngol. 1978 Jan-Feb;85(1-2):116-21. doi: 10.3109/00016487809121431.
An impaired ostial function may be of importance in the pathogenesis of the maxillary sinus empyema due to changes of the antral gas composition. Oxygen is usually not demonstrable in purulent sinus secretion while carbon dioxide accumulates. In vitro, pneumococci were able to create a similar gas environment, provided that the gas exchange between the medium and the atmospheric air was reduced. It is suggested that heavy antral growth of facultative anaerobes, such as pneumococci, is related to the antral ventilation, which when impeded facilitates bacterial growth.
由于鼻窦气体成分的改变，窦口功能受损可能在上颌窦积脓的发病机制中起重要作用。在脓性鼻窦分泌物中通常检测不到氧气，而二氧化碳会积聚。在体外，如果培养基与大气之间的气体交换减少，肺炎球菌能够创造出类似的气体环境。有人提出，兼性厌氧菌（如肺炎球菌）在鼻窦内大量生长与鼻窦通气有关，当通气受阻时会促进细菌生长。
