Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
CUNY School of Medicine, NY, New York, USA.
Prev Med. 2021 Dec;153:106761. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106761. Epub 2021 Aug 1.
Asian Indians are at increased risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. We sought to determine differences between Asian Indians and other races/ethnicities in hypertension and diabetes prevalence and associated annual blood pressure (BP) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) testing. A total of 257,652 adults ≥18 years from the 2011-2018 U.S. National Health Interview Surveys (NHIS) were included. BP and FBG testing in the past 12 months was defined dichotomously (yes/not yes). Racial/ethnic groups included non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), Asian Indian, Other Asians, and Hispanic/Multiracial. We used logistic regression, adjusting for covariates and the survey design. Analyses were completed from 08/2020-06/2021. Asian Indians (N = 3049) had 21% and 99% higher odds of hypertension and diabetes, respectively, than NHWs (aOR [95% CI]; hypertension: 1.21[1.04,1.40], diabetes: 1.99[1.64,2.41]). Accordingly, Asian Indians without diabetes had significantly higher odds of FBG screening than NHWs (Asian Indian: 1.41[1.25,1.59], NHB: 0.99 [0.95,1.04], Other Asian: 1.07[0.98, 1.18], Hispanic: 1.13[1.07,1.20]). Asian Indians without hypertension had a 14% insignificant increase in BP testing compared to NHWs (1.14[0.97,1.33]). Predictors of testing in Asian Indians included older age, doctor's visit, graduate-level education, insurance coverage, and history of hypertension or diabetes. NHBs with diabetes and Hispanics with hypertension had lower odds of FBG testing (0.75[0.66,0.84]) and BP testing (0.85[0.79,0.92]), respectively, than NHWs. Asian Indians have higher odds of diabetes and hypertension than NHWs and higher, but relatively lower, odds of FBG and BP testing. Increasing routine BP and FBG testing in Asian Indians in younger adults may allow for earlier detection of high-risk individuals.
亚洲裔印度人患心血管代谢疾病的风险增加。我们旨在确定亚洲裔印度人与其他种族/民族在高血压和糖尿病患病率以及相关的年度血压（BP）和空腹血糖（FBG）检测方面的差异。共纳入了 2011 年至 2018 年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）中 257652 名年龄≥18 岁的成年人。过去 12 个月内进行 BP 和 FBG 检测被定义为二分类（是/否）。种族/民族群体包括非西班牙裔白人（NHW）、非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）、亚洲裔印度人、其他亚洲人以及西班牙裔/多种族裔。我们使用逻辑回归，调整了协变量和调查设计。分析于 2020 年 8 月至 2021 年 6 月完成。与 NHW 相比，亚洲裔印度人（n=3049）患高血压和糖尿病的几率分别高出 21%和 99%（比值比[95%置信区间]；高血压：1.21[1.04,1.40]，糖尿病：1.99[1.64,2.41]）。因此，没有患糖尿病的亚洲裔印度人进行 FBG 筛查的几率明显高于 NHW（亚洲裔印度人：1.41[1.25,1.59]，非西班牙裔黑人：0.99 [0.95,1.04]，其他亚洲人：1.07[0.98, 1.18]，西班牙裔：1.13[1.07,1.20]）。与 NHW 相比，没有患高血压的亚洲裔印度人进行 BP 检测的几率增加了 14%（1.14[0.97,1.33]）。亚洲裔印度人进行检测的预测因素包括年龄较大、看医生、研究生学历、保险覆盖范围以及高血压或糖尿病史。患有糖尿病的非西班牙裔黑人（NHB）和患有高血压的西班牙裔人进行 FBG 检测（0.75[0.66,0.84]）和 BP 检测（0.85[0.79,0.92]）的几率均低于 NHW。与 NHW 相比，亚洲裔印度人患糖尿病和高血压的几率更高，进行 FBG 和 BP 检测的几率更高，但相对较低。在年轻的亚洲裔印度人中增加常规 BP 和 FBG 检测可能有助于更早发现高危人群。
