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墨西哥综合医院因 COVID-19 感染引起的出血性脑卒中。

Hemorrhagic stroke associated to COVID-19 infection in Mexico General Hospital.

机构信息

Stereotactic and Radiosurgery Department, Functional Neurosurgery, Mexico General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico.

出版信息

Cir Cir. 2021;89(4):435-442. doi: 10.24875/CIRU.21000205.

DOI:10.24875/CIRU.21000205
PMID:34352870
Abstract

INTRODUCCIÓN: en la actual pandemia de COVID-19, existe evidencia creciente que ha identificado el neurotropismo del virus SARS-CoV-2 y sus complicaciones neurológicas, incluida la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica y escasamente hemorragia cerebral (HC).

OBJETIVO

describir las características clínicas, radiológicas, de laboratorio y pronósticas de los pacientes con HC asociada al SARS-CoV-2.

MÉTODOS: se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos con prueba de PCR confirmatoria para infección por SARS-CoV-2 y HC.

RESULTADOS

en un período de 90 días, en un centro de referencia COVID-19 en México, de 1108 pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, se encontraron 4 pacientes (0.36%) con HC. Tenían una edad de 71(±12.2) años, 2 eran mujeres. Se encontró que dos tenían factores de riesgo cardiovascular previos. En dos casos se encontró el origen en el núcleo dentado mientras que los otros dos correspondieron al tálamo. Tres de los cuatro pacientes murieron. Postulamos que el descontrol hipertensivo, coagulopatía, trombocitopenia y la respuesta inmune inducida por el virus SARS-CoV-2 podrían desencadenar HC en un paciente con riesgo previo.

CONCLUSIONES

la HC se asocia a la infección por SARS-CoV-2 con mal pronóstico cuando se presenta. Los equipos de neurocirugía deben estar preparados para el tratamiento oportuno de estos pacientes.

INTRODUCTION

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing body of evidence that has identified the neurotropism of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its neurological complications, including cerebrovascular disease, focusing mainly in ischemic and scarcely about hemorrhagic stroke (HS).

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study was to describe clinical, radiological, laboratory tests, and prognostic characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 associated HS.

METHODS

Consecutive patients with a confirmatory PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection and a HS demonstrated by head CT were included in the study.

RESULTS

Over a period of 90 days, in a COVID-19 reference center in Mexico, out of a total of 1108 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, it found 4 patients (0.36%) who meet criteria. They had an age of 71 (±12.2) years, 2 were women. It was found that two had prior cardiovascular risk factors. Two of the HS originated in the dentate nucleus while the other two corresponded to the thalamus. Three of the four patients died. We suggest that catastrophic uncontrolled blood pressure, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, and immune response induced by SARS-CoV-2 could in a specific patient trigger HS.

CONCLUSIONS

HS is associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection with poor prognosis when it presented. Neurosurgery teams should prepare for the timely and appropriate treatment of this patients.

摘要

介绍

在当前的 COVID-19 大流行中,越来越多的证据表明,SARS-CoV-2 病毒具有神经趋向性及其神经系统并发症,包括缺血性脑血管病和罕见的脑出血(HC)。

目的

描述与 SARS-CoV-2 相关的 HC 患者的临床、影像学、实验室和预后特征。

方法

纳入连续确诊的 SARS-CoV-2 感染并经头部 CT 证实的 HC 患者。

结果

在 90 天的时间内,在墨西哥的一个 COVID-19 参考中心,在 1108 例 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者中,发现 4 例(0.36%)患者合并 HC。患者年龄为 71(±12.2)岁,2 例为女性。其中 2 例有先前的心血管危险因素。2 例起源于齿状核,另外 2 例起源于丘脑。4 例患者中有 3 例死亡。我们推测,高血压失控、凝血障碍、血小板减少和 SARS-CoV-2 诱导的免疫反应可能会使有先前风险的患者发生 HC。

结论

当发生 SARS-CoV-2 感染合并 HC 时,预后较差。神经外科团队应做好及时治疗这些患者的准备。

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