Roggio Federico, Ravalli Silvia, Maugeri Grazia, Bianco Antonino, Palma Antonio, Di Rosa Michelino, Musumeci Giuseppe
Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo 90144, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
World J Orthop. 2021 Jul 18;12(7):467-484. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i7.467.
Technological development of motion and posture analyses is rapidly progressing, especially in rehabilitation settings and sport biomechanics. Consequently, clear discrimination among different measurement systems is required to diversify their use as needed. This review aims to resume the currently used motion and posture analysis systems, clarify and suggest the appropriate approaches suitable for specific cases or contexts. The currently gold standard systems of motion analysis, widely used in clinical settings, present several limitations related to marker placement or long procedure time. Fully automated and markerless systems are overcoming these drawbacks for conducting biomechanical studies, especially outside laboratories. Similarly, new posture analysis techniques are emerging, often driven by the need for fast and non-invasive methods to obtain high-precision results. These new technologies have also become effective for children or adolescents with non-specific back pain and postural insufficiencies. The evolutions of these methods aim to standardize measurements and provide manageable tools in clinical practice for the early diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathologies and to monitor daily improvements of each patient. Herein, these devices and their uses are described, providing researchers, clinicians, orthopedics, physical therapists, and sports coaches an effective guide to use new technologies in their practice as instruments of diagnosis, therapy, and prevention.
运动和姿势分析的技术发展正在迅速推进，尤其是在康复环境和运动生物力学领域。因此，需要对不同的测量系统进行明确区分，以便根据需要使其用途多样化。本综述旨在总结当前使用的运动和姿势分析系统，阐明并建议适用于特定病例或情境的适当方法。目前在临床环境中广泛使用的运动分析金标准系统存在一些与标记放置或操作时间长相关的局限性。全自动和无标记系统正在克服这些缺点，以进行生物力学研究，特别是在实验室之外。同样，新的姿势分析技术也在不断涌现，这通常是由对快速、非侵入性方法以获得高精度结果的需求所驱动的。这些新技术对于患有非特异性背痛和姿势不足的儿童或青少年也已变得有效。这些方法的发展旨在使测量标准化，并在临床实践中提供便于管理的工具，用于肌肉骨骼疾病的早期诊断以及监测每位患者的日常改善情况。在此描述了这些设备及其用途，为研究人员、临床医生、骨科医生、物理治疗师和体育教练提供了一份有效指南，以便在其实践中使用新技术作为诊断、治疗和预防的工具。
