Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
Genes (Basel). 2021 Jul 20;12(7):1102. doi: 10.3390/genes12071102.
The transcription factor high mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some cancers including breast cancer. Polyamidoamine dendrimer generation 4 is a kind of highly branched polymeric nanoparticle with surface charge and highest density peripheral groups that allow ligands or therapeutic agents to attach it, thereby facilitating target delivery. Here, methotrexate (MTX)- modified polyamidoamine dendrimer generation 4 (G4) (G4/MTX) was generated to deliver specific small interface RNA (siRNA) for suppressing HMGA2 expression and the consequent effects on folate receptor (FR) expressing human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231). We observed that HMGA2 siRNA was electrostatically adsorbed on the surface of the G4/MTX nanocarrier for constructing a G4/MTX-siRNA nano-complex which was verified by changing the final particle size and zeta potential. The release of MTX and siRNA from synthesized nanocomplexes was found in a time- and pH-dependent manner. We know that MTX targets FR. Interestingly, G4/MTX-siRNA demonstrates significant cellular internalization and gene silencing efficacy when compared to the control. Besides, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay demonstrated selective cell cytotoxicity depending on the folate receptor expressing in a dose-dependent manner. The gene silencing and protein downregulation of HMGA2 by G4/MTX-siRNA was observed and could significantly induce cell apoptosis in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells compared to the control group. Based on the findings, we suggest that the newly developed G4/MTX-siRNA nano-complex may be a promising strategy to increase apoptosis induction through HMGA2 suppression as a therapeutic target in human breast cancer.
转录因子高迁移率族蛋白 A2(HMGA2)在一些癌症的发病机制中起重要作用,包括乳腺癌。聚酰胺胺树枝状大分子四代是一种高度分支的聚合物纳米粒子,具有表面电荷和最高密度的外围基团,允许配体或治疗剂附着在其上,从而促进靶向递药。在这里,甲氨蝶呤(MTX)修饰的聚酰胺胺树枝状大分子四代(G4)(G4/MTX)被生成,以递送特定的小干扰 RNA(siRNA),用于抑制 HMGA2 的表达,以及对叶酸受体(FR)表达的人乳腺癌细胞系(MCF-7、MDA-MB-231)的后续影响。我们观察到,HMGA2 siRNA 被静电吸附在 G4/MTX 纳米载体的表面上,用于构建 G4/MTX-siRNA 纳米复合物,这可以通过改变最终的粒径和 zeta 电位来验证。合成的纳米复合物中的 MTX 和 siRNA 的释放呈时间和 pH 依赖性。我们知道 MTX 靶向 FR。有趣的是,与对照相比,G4/MTX-siRNA 表现出显著的细胞内化和基因沉默效果。此外,3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)测定法显示出选择性的细胞毒性,这取决于叶酸受体的表达,呈剂量依赖性。与对照组相比,G4/MTX-siRNA 对 HMGA2 的基因沉默和蛋白下调可显著诱导 MCF-7 和 MDA-MB-231 癌细胞凋亡。基于这些发现,我们认为新开发的 G4/MTX-siRNA 纳米复合物可能是一种很有前途的策略,通过抑制 HMGA2 作为人类乳腺癌的治疗靶点来增加细胞凋亡的诱导。
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