Chivere Vanessa T, Kondiah Pierre P D, Choonara Yahya E, Pillay Viness
Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Feb 24;12(2):522. doi: 10.3390/cancers12020522.
Routes of drug administration and their corresponding physiochemical characteristics play major roles in drug therapeutic efficiency and biological effects. Each route of delivery has favourable aspects and limitations. The oral route of delivery is the most convenient, widely accepted and safe route. However, the oral route of chemotherapeutics to date have displayed high gastric degradation, low aqueous solubility, poor formulation stability and minimum intestinal absorption. Thus, mainstream anti-cancer drugs in current formulations are not suitable as oral chemotherapeutic formulations. The use of biopolymers such as chitosan, gelatin, hyaluronic acid and polyglutamic acid, for the synthesis of oral delivery platforms, have potential to help overcome problems associated with oral delivery of chemotherapeutics. Biopolymers have favourable stimuli-responsive properties, and thus can be used to improve oral bioavailability of anti-cancer drugs. These biopolymeric formulations can protect gastric-sensitive drugs from pH degradation, target specific binding sites for targeted absorption and consequently control drug release. In this review, the use of various biopolymers as oral drug delivery systems for chemotherapeutics will be discussed.
药物给药途径及其相应的物理化学特性在药物治疗效果和生物学效应中起着主要作用。每种给药途径都有其优点和局限性。口服给药途径是最方便、被广泛接受且安全的途径。然而，迄今为止，化疗药物的口服途径表现出高胃降解性、低水溶性、差的制剂稳定性和最小的肠道吸收。因此，当前制剂中的主流抗癌药物不适合作为口服化疗制剂。使用壳聚糖、明胶、透明质酸和聚谷氨酸等生物聚合物来合成口服给药平台，有可能帮助克服与化疗药物口服给药相关的问题。生物聚合物具有良好的刺激响应特性，因此可用于提高抗癌药物的口服生物利用度。这些生物聚合物制剂可以保护对胃敏感的药物免受pH降解，靶向特定结合位点以实现靶向吸收并因此控制药物释放。在本综述中，将讨论各种生物聚合物作为化疗药物口服给药系统的应用。
