Ben-Dor Cohen Eyal, Ilan Micha, Yarden Oded
School of Zoology, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The RH Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 16;7(7):567. doi: 10.3390/jof7070567.
Marine sponges harbor a diverse array of microorganisms and the composition of the microbial community has been suggested to be linked to holo-biont health. Most of the attention concerning sponge mycobiomes has been given to sponges present in shallow depths. Here, we describe the presence of 146 culturable mycobiome taxa isolated from mesophotic niche (100 m depth)-inhabiting samples of , in the Mediterranean Sea. We identify some potential in vitro interactions between several -associated fungi and show that sponge meso-hyl extract, but not its predominantly collagen-rich part, is sufficient to support hyphal growth. We demonstrate that changes in the diversity of culturable mycobiome constituents occur following sponge transplantation from its original mesophotic habitat to shallow (10 m) waters, where historically (60 years ago) this species was found. We conclude that among the 30 fungal genera identified as associated with , , and constitute the core mycobiome of and that they persist even when the sponge is transplanted to a suboptimal environment, indicative of the presence of constant, as well as dynamic, components of the sponge mycobiome. Other genera seemed more depth-related and appeared or disappeared upon host's transfer from 100 to 10 m.
海洋海绵体内栖息着各种各样的微生物，微生物群落的组成被认为与共生生物的健康状况有关。关于海绵真菌群落的研究大多集中在浅海海绵上。在此，我们描述了从地中海中光层生态位（深度100米）栖息的样本中分离出的146种可培养真菌分类群。我们确定了几种与海绵相关真菌之间一些潜在的体外相互作用，并表明海绵中胶层提取物，而非其主要富含胶原蛋白的部分，足以支持菌丝生长。我们证明，将海绵从其原始的中光层栖息地移植到浅海（10米）水域后，可培养真菌群落成分的多样性会发生变化，而在历史上（60年前）该物种曾在浅海被发现。我们得出结论，在被鉴定为与该海绵相关的30个真菌属中，[具体属名1]、[具体属名2]、[具体属名3]和[具体属名4]构成了该海绵的核心真菌群落，并且即使海绵被移植到次优环境中它们依然存在，这表明海绵真菌群落存在稳定和动态的组成部分。其他属似乎与深度关系更大，在宿主从100米转移到10米时出现或消失。
