Di Federico Alessandro, Tateo Valentina, Parisi Claudia, Formica Francesca, Carloni Riccardo, Frega Giorgio, Rizzo Alessandro, Ricci Dalia, Di Marco Mariacristina, Palloni Andrea, Brandi Giovanni
Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Specialized, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Giuseppe Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2021 Jul 15;14(7):677. doi: 10.3390/ph14070677.
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a recalcitrant disease characterized by high incidence and poor prognosis. The extremely complex genomic landscape of PC has a deep influence on cultivating a tumor microenvironment, resulting in the promotion of tumor growth, drug resistance, and immune escape mechanisms. Despite outstanding progress in personalized medicine achieved for many types of cancer, chemotherapy still represents the mainstay of treatment for PC. Olaparib was the first agent to demonstrate a significant benefit in a biomarker-selected population, opening the doors for a personalized approach. Despite the failure of a large number of studies testing targeted agents or immunotherapy to demonstrate benefits over standard chemotherapy regimens, some interesting agents, alone or in combination with other drugs, have achieved promising results. A wide spectrum of therapeutic strategies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors tyrosine kinase inhibitors and agents targeting metabolic pathways or the tumor microenvironment, is currently under investigation. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current landscape and future directions of personalized medicine for patients affected by PC.
胰腺癌（PC）是一种难治性疾病，具有高发病率和预后差的特点。PC极其复杂的基因组格局对肿瘤微环境的形成有深远影响，从而促进肿瘤生长、产生耐药性并引发免疫逃逸机制。尽管在多种癌症的个性化医疗方面取得了显著进展，但化疗仍是PC治疗的主要手段。奥拉帕尼是首个在生物标志物选择人群中显示出显著疗效的药物，为个性化治疗方法打开了大门。尽管大量测试靶向药物或免疫疗法的研究未能证明其比标准化疗方案更具优势，但一些有趣的药物，单独使用或与其他药物联合使用，已取得了有前景的结果。目前正在研究一系列广泛的治疗策略，包括免疫检查点抑制剂、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂以及针对代谢途径或肿瘤微环境的药物。在本综述中，我们旨在全面概述PC患者个性化医疗的现状和未来方向。
