Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2021 Dec;1876(2):188605. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188605. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
HER2 is one of the most important proteins of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, whose alterations include amplification, overexpression and gene mutation. Growing attention has been given to HER2 as a biomarker for prognosis, an indicator for treatment response and a target for new drugs. Tumors with HER2 alterations have been well studied in multiple locations as distinct entities for treatment, especially breast cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer. These four cancers are the leading causes of cancer incidence and cancer-related death worldwide. The present study details the landscape of HER2 amplification/overexpression and mutations and gives an up-to-date analysis of current clinical trials in the four cancers mentioned above. Different HER2-altered cancers not only respond differently to HER2-targeting therapies but also display diverse survival outcomes. Even in the same type of cancer, HER2 amplification/overexpression differs from HER2 mutation in terms of clinicopathologic features and treatment strategies. As an emerging strategy in cancer treatment, immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate distinct outcomes in HER2-altered breast cancer, gastric cancer and lung cancer.
HER2 是表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR) 家族中最重要的蛋白之一，其改变包括扩增、过表达和基因突变。HER2 作为预后的生物标志物、治疗反应的指标以及新药的靶点，越来越受到关注。具有 HER2 改变的肿瘤在多个部位被作为不同的实体进行治疗，尤其是乳腺癌、胃癌、肺癌和结直肠癌。这四种癌症是全球癌症发病率和癌症相关死亡的主要原因。本研究详细描述了 HER2 扩增/过表达和突变的情况，并对上述四种癌症的当前临床试验进行了最新分析。不同的 HER2 改变的癌症不仅对 HER2 靶向治疗的反应不同，而且生存结果也不同。即使在同一种癌症中，HER2 扩增/过表达在临床病理特征和治疗策略方面也与 HER2 突变不同。作为癌症治疗的新兴策略，免疫检查点抑制剂在 HER2 改变的乳腺癌、胃癌和肺癌中显示出不同的结果。
