Division of Thoracic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
Cell. 2024 Mar 28;187(7):1617-1635. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.041.
The integration of cancer biomarkers into oncology has revolutionized cancer treatment, yielding remarkable advancements in cancer therapeutics and the prognosis of cancer patients. The development of personalized medicine represents a turning point and a new paradigm in cancer management, as biomarkers enable oncologists to tailor treatments based on the unique molecular profile of each patient's tumor. In this review, we discuss the scientific milestones of cancer biomarkers and explore future possibilities to improve the management of patients with solid tumors. This progress is primarily attributed to the biological characterization of cancers, advancements in testing methodologies, elucidation of the immune microenvironment, and the ability to profile circulating tumor fractions. Integrating these insights promises to continually advance the precision oncology field, fostering better patient outcomes.
癌症生物标志物与肿瘤学的结合彻底改变了癌症治疗，为癌症治疗和癌症患者预后带来了显著的进步。个性化医学的发展是癌症管理的一个转折点和新模式，因为生物标志物使肿瘤学家能够根据每个患者肿瘤的独特分子特征来定制治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了癌症生物标志物的科学里程碑，并探讨了未来改善实体瘤患者管理的可能性。这一进展主要归因于癌症的生物学特征描述、检测方法学的进步、免疫微环境的阐明以及对循环肿瘤分数的分析能力。整合这些见解有望不断推进精准肿瘤学领域的发展，改善患者的预后。
