Pihl Celina, Togsverd-Bo Katrine, Andersen Flemming, Haedersdal Merete, Bjerring Peter, Lerche Catharina Margrethe
Department of Dermatology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Jul 22;13(15):3684. doi: 10.3390/cancers13153684.
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) arising from sun exposure represents a major risk factor in the development of keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs). UVR exposure induces dysregulated signal transduction, oxidative stress, inflammation, immunosuppression and DNA damage, all of which promote the induction and development of photocarcinogenesis. Because the incidence of KCs is increasing, better prevention strategies are necessary. In the concept of photoprevention, protective compounds are administered either topically or systemically to prevent the effects of UVR and the development of skin cancer. In this review, we provide descriptions of the pathways underlying photocarcinogenesis and an overview of selected photoprotective compounds, such as repurposed pharmaceuticals, plant-derived phytochemicals and vitamins. We discuss the protective potential of these compounds and their effects in pre-clinical and human trials, summarising the mechanisms of action involved in preventing photocarcinogenesis.
阳光照射产生的紫外线辐射（UVR）是角质形成细胞癌（KC）发生的主要危险因素。UVR暴露会导致信号转导失调、氧化应激、炎症、免疫抑制和DNA损伤，所有这些都会促进光致癌作用的诱导和发展。由于KC的发病率正在上升，因此需要更好的预防策略。在光预防的概念中，通过局部或全身给予保护性化合物来预防UVR的影响和皮肤癌的发生。在这篇综述中，我们描述了光致癌作用的潜在途径，并概述了选定的光保护化合物，如重新利用的药物、植物来源的植物化学物质和维生素。我们讨论了这些化合物的保护潜力及其在临床前和人体试验中的作用，总结了预防光致癌作用的作用机制。
