Medical Information Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Perinatal and Pediatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 29;18(15):8040. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158040.
Differences in low birth weight rate depending on maternal socioeconomic characteristics have not yet been demonstrated using the Vital Statistics in Japan; therefore, this study aimed to investigate these differences according to maternal occupations. "Report of Vital Statistics: Occupational and Industrial Aspects" and the Vital Statistics in Japan were used every five years from 1995 to 2015. Nine types of occupations were compared. The low birth weight rate was calculated according to maternal occupations and year. Also, the standardized low birth weight ratio was obtained by dividing the number of low-birth-weight infants for each maternal occupation by an expected number of low birth weight infants. The standardized low birth weight ratio for manual workers was the highest among all occupations from 2000 to 2015, and it was significantly higher than one throughout the years. The ratio for clerical workers was also significantly higher than one from 1995 to 2010. Whereas, the ratio for farmers was significantly lower than one in most of the years. It was suggested that health guidance and prenatal care are particularly needed for manual workers, and a study investigating the differences in prenatal characteristics among maternal occupations is necessary for finding a reason for disparity.
日本的生命统计数据尚未显示出母亲的社会经济特征对低出生体重率的影响存在差异；因此，本研究旨在根据母亲的职业来调查这些差异。使用了 1995 年至 2015 年每五年一次的《生命统计报告：职业和工业方面》和日本的生命统计数据。比较了九种职业。根据母亲的职业和年份计算低出生体重率。此外，通过将每个母亲职业的低出生体重婴儿数量除以预期的低出生体重婴儿数量，得到标准化的低出生体重比值。2000 年至 2015 年，体力劳动者的标准化低出生体重比值在所有职业中最高，且多年来一直显著高于 1。1995 年至 2010 年，办事员的比值也显著高于 1。然而，在大多数年份，农民的比值显著低于 1。这表明体力劳动者尤其需要健康指导和产前护理，有必要研究母亲职业的产前特征差异，以找到差异的原因。
