Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 3;18(15):8197. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18158197.
Despite depression being a major driver of morbidity and mortality, the majority of primary care patients remain undiagnosed, so this study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and the association with demographic and clinical variables, genetic risk, and quality of life. The participants were presumably healthy model family medicine practice (MFMP) attendees between 30 and 65 years of age and recruited during a preventive check-up in 2019. Each of the 40 pre-selected MFMP pragmatically invited 30 attendees to voluntarily participate. They completed a questionnaire of demographic, clinical, and social determinants, as well as a three-generational family history. The results were analyzed using multivariable modelling to calculate the associations with signs of depression. A modified Scheuner method was used to calculate the level genetic risk level using family history. Of 968 participants, aged 42.8 ± 8.6 years, 627 (64.8%) were women. The prevalence of depression was 4.1%. Signs of depression were negatively associated with health-related quality of life score, in particular in the domains of self-care ( = 0.001) and anxiety/depression ( < 0.001). Depression was also associated with predicted high risk for comorbidities given the family history ( = 0.030). Primary care directed at improving patients' quality of life should implement more widespread screening for mental health disorders. Family history for disease even beyond depression can be used by physicians as an important primary prevention tool.
尽管抑郁症是导致发病率和死亡率的主要因素，但大多数初级保健患者仍未被诊断出来，因此本研究旨在评估抑郁症的患病率以及其与人口统计学和临床变量、遗传风险和生活质量的关联。研究对象为年龄在 30 至 65 岁之间、疑似健康的模式家庭医学实践（MFMP）参与者，并在 2019 年的预防性体检期间招募。每个预先选择的 40 个 MFMP 都实用地邀请了 30 名参与者自愿参加。他们填写了一份人口统计学、临床和社会决定因素以及三代家族史的问卷。结果使用多变量模型进行分析，以计算与抑郁迹象的关联。使用家族史使用改良的 Scheuner 方法计算遗传风险水平。在 968 名年龄为 42.8 ± 8.6 岁的参与者中，有 627 名（64.8%）为女性。抑郁症的患病率为 4.1%。抑郁迹象与健康相关生活质量评分呈负相关，特别是在自我护理（ = 0.001）和焦虑/抑郁（ < 0.001）领域。考虑到家族史，抑郁症还与预测的共病高风险相关（ = 0.030）。旨在提高患者生活质量的初级保健应更广泛地筛查心理健康障碍。即使超出抑郁症的疾病家族史，医生也可以将其用作重要的初级预防工具。
