Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
J Nutr Sci. 2021 Jul 26;10:e55. doi: 10.1017/jns.2021.43. eCollection 2021.
The Mediterranean (MED) diet was associated with a reduced risk of chronic disease, but the epidemiological studies reported inconsistent findings related to the MED diet and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk. This age and the gender-matched case-control study were conducted among 247 adult patients. The MED diet score was obtained based on the Trichopoulou model. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between the MED diet and NAFLD risk. NAFLD prevalence in people with low, moderate and high adherence to the MED diet was 33, 13⋅1 and 4⋅6 %, respectively. The increasing intake of the MED diet was significantly related to the increment intake of nuts and fruits, vegetables, monounsaturated fatty acid/polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio, legumes, cereals and fish. However, total energy consumption, low-fat dairy and meats intake were reduced ( for all < 0⋅05). Following control for age, the person in the highest of the MED diet tertile compared with the lowest, the odds of NAFLD decreased (OR: 0⋅40, 95 % CI: 0⋅17-0⋅95). This relation became a little stronger after further adjusting for sex, diabetes, physical activity and supplement intake (OR: 0⋅36, 95 % CI: 0⋅15-0⋅89). However, this association disappeared after adjusting for body mass index, waist and hip circumference (OR: 0⋅70, 95 % CI: 0⋅25-1⋅97). High adherence to the MED diet was associated with a 64 % reduction in NAFLD odds before some anthropometric variable adjustments. However, further prospective studies are required, particularly in BMI-stratified models.
地中海饮食与慢性病风险降低有关，但与 MED 饮食和非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 风险相关的流行病学研究结果不一致。这项年龄和性别匹配的病例对照研究在 247 名成年患者中进行。根据 Trichopoulou 模型获得 MED 饮食评分。多变量逻辑回归用于检查 MED 饮食与 NAFLD 风险之间的关联。低、中、高 MED 饮食依从性人群的 NAFLD 患病率分别为 33%、13.1%和 4.6%。随着 MED 饮食摄入量的增加，坚果和水果、蔬菜、单不饱和脂肪酸/多不饱和脂肪酸比值、豆类、谷物和鱼类的摄入量也显著增加。然而，总能量消耗、低脂乳制品和肉类的摄入量减少（均<0.05）。在控制年龄后，与最低 MED 饮食 tertile 相比，最高 tertile 人群的 NAFLD 患病风险降低（OR：0.40，95%CI：0.17-0.95）。在进一步调整性别、糖尿病、身体活动和补充剂摄入后，这种关系变得更强（OR：0.36，95%CI：0.15-0.89）。然而，在调整体重指数、腰围和臀围后，这种关联消失（OR：0.70，95%CI：0.25-1.97）。在一些人体测量学变量调整之前，高 MED 饮食依从性与 NAFLD 患病风险降低 64%相关。然而，需要进一步的前瞻性研究，特别是在 BMI 分层模型中。
