Rasoulizadeh Zahra, Namazi Abolfazl, Sohouli Mohammad Hassan, Rohani Pejman, Hekmatdoost Azita, Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh
School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Internal Medicine, Hazrat-E Rasool General Hospital, Iran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 25;14(1):9537. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-60400-3.
Recent evidence shows the beneficial effects of Baltic Sea diet score (BSDS) and healthy Nordic diet index (HNDI) on chronic diseases, however, there is no evidence to investigate them on the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between BSDS and HNDI with the risk of NAFLD. In this case-control study, 552 people in good health and 340 people with NAFLD over the age of 18 took part. The evaluation of BSDS and HNDI employed a validated 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Binary logistic regression was used to determine how OBS and NAFLD are related. The mean BSDS and HNDI were 16.00 ± 2.49 and 11.99 ± 2.61, respectively. The final model's confounder adjustment revealed that greater HNDI adherence scores gave protection against the occurrence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.18-0.98; P for trend = 0.043). In addition, those with the highest BSDS scores had significantly lower risks of developing NAFLD compared to subjects with the lowest scores (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.32-0.89; p for trend = 0.003). Our findings showed that following a healthy Nordic diet can significantly prevent the risk of developing NAFLD, and suggest that the highly nutritious components of the Nordic diet are beneficial for the prevention of NAFLD.
近期证据表明波罗的海饮食评分（BSDS）和健康北欧饮食指数（HNDI）对慢性病有益，但尚无证据研究它们对非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）风险的影响。本研究旨在探讨BSDS和HNDI与NAFLD风险之间的关联。在这项病例对照研究中，552名18岁以上身体健康的人和340名患有NAFLD的人参与其中。BSDS和HNDI的评估采用了经过验证的168项半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）。二元逻辑回归用于确定OBS与NAFLD之间的关系。BSDS和HNDI的平均值分别为16.00±2.49和11.99±2.61。最终模型的混杂因素调整显示，更高的HNDI依从性得分可预防NAFLD的发生（优势比[OR]：0.42；95%置信区间[CI] 0.18 - 0.98；趋势P值 = 0.043）。此外，与得分最低的受试者相比，BSDS得分最高的受试者患NAFLD的风险显著更低（OR = 0.48，95% CI 0.32 - 0.89；趋势p值 = 0.003）。我们的研究结果表明，遵循健康的北欧饮食可显著预防患NAFLD的风险，并表明北欧饮食中营养丰富的成分对预防NAFLD有益。
