D'Amuri Andrea, Sanz Juana Maria, Capatti Eleonora, Di Vece Francesca, Vaccari Filippo, Lazzer Stefano, Zuliani Giovanni, Dalla Nora Edoardo, Passaro Angelina
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy.
Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Emilia Romagna, Italy.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2021 Jul 20;7(3):e001021. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-001021. eCollection 2021.
Obesity treatment guidelines suggest moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), but the patient's compliance to this indication remains low. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time sparing training mode whose metabolic effects are not clear. This study aimed to determine whether a 12-week HIIT was more effective than MICT for weight loss in obese adults.
44 obese subjects were randomised and trained with isoenergetic treadmill exercises for 12 weeks: MICT (60% of maximal oxygen peak, VOpeak) or HIIT (3-7 repetition of 3 min 100% of VOpeak interspersed by 1.5 min 50% of VOpeak). The primary outcome was a change in body weight; the secondary outcomes were changes in body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glycaemia, insulin and VOpeak.
32 subjects (53% male, mean age: 38.5 years, mean body mass index: 35.5 kg/m) completed the trial. MICT and HIIT showed comparable effect within groups in weight loss (-6.0 kg (-9.0 kg to -3.0 kg) vs -5.7 kg (-8.3 kg to -3.1 kg)), changes in fat mass (-2.9% (-4.4% to -1.4%) vs -3.6% (-5.9% to -1.2%)), fat free mass (-5.3% (-7.8% to -2.8%) vs -5.5% (-8.3% to -2.6%)), diastolic blood pressure (-5.5 mm Hg (-10.6 mm Hg to -0.3 mm Hg) vs -5.8 mm Hg (-11.3 mm Hg to -0.3 mm Hg)) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-16.4 mg/dL (-30.8 mg/dL to -2.0 mg/dL) vs -14.7 mg/dL (-25.6 mg/dL to -3.8 mg/dL)). There was a significant change between groups in VOpeak (HIIT: +461.6 mL (329.3‒593.8 mL); MICT: +170.5 mL (86.7-254.4 mL); p<0001) and duration of sessions (HIIT: 35.0 min (31.7 ‒35.6 min); MICT: 46.5 min (40.2‒48.3 min); p<0.001). No significant changes in systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycaemia or plasma insulin were observed.
In healthy adults with obesity, HIIT compared with MICT induced similar weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors improvement but resulted in a larger increase in cardiorespiratory fitness over a shorter period.
肥胖治疗指南推荐中等强度持续训练（MICT），但患者对该建议的依从性仍然较低。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是一种节省时间的训练模式，其代谢效应尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定为期12周的HIIT在肥胖成年人减重方面是否比MICT更有效。
44名肥胖受试者被随机分组，并进行为期12周的等能量跑步机运动训练：MICT（最大摄氧量峰值的60%，VOpeak）或HIIT（3分钟100%VOpeak重复3 - 7次，中间穿插1.5分钟50%VOpeak）。主要结局是体重变化；次要结局是身体成分、血压、血脂谱、血糖、胰岛素和VOpeak的变化。
32名受试者（53%为男性，平均年龄：38.5岁，平均体重指数：35.5kg/m²）完成了试验。MICT和HIIT在组内减重效果相当（-6.0kg（-9.0kg至-3.0kg） vs -5.7kg（-8.3kg至-3.1kg）），脂肪量变化（-2.9%（-4.4%至-1.4%） vs -3.6%（-5.9%至-1.2%）），去脂体重变化（-5.3%（-7.8%至-2.8%） vs -5.5%（-8.3%至-2.6%）），舒张压变化（-5.5mmHg（-10.6mmHg至-0.3mmHg） vs -5.8mmHg（-11.3mmHg至-0.3mmHg））以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇变化（-16.4mg/dL（-30.8mg/dL至-2.0mg/dL） vs -14.7mg/dL（-25.6mg/dL至-3.8mg/dL））。两组之间VOpeak（HIIT：+461.6mL（329.3 - 593.8mL）；MICT：+170.5mL（86.7 - 254.4mL）；p<0.001）和训练时长（HIIT：35.0分钟（31.7 - 35.6分钟）；MICT：46.5分钟（40.2 - 48.3分钟）；p<0.001）有显著变化。未观察到收缩压、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、血糖或血浆胰岛素的显著变化。
在肥胖的健康成年人中，与MICT相比，HIIT能带来相似的体重减轻和心血管危险因素改善，但在更短时间内导致心肺适能有更大提高。
