Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). R. Tessália Vieira de Camargo 126, Cidade Universitária. 13083-887 Campinas SP Brasil.
Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas, UNICAMP. Campinas SP Brasil.
Cien Saude Colet. 2021 Aug;26(8):3147-3160. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232021268.09592020. Epub 2020 May 21.
The aims of the present study were to evaluate dietary fiber intake and associated factors in adolescents, identify food sources of the nutrient, and determine associations between indicators of dietary patterns (energy/macronutrients/micronutrients) and dietary fiber intake. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 24-hour recall data. The NOVA classification was used to determine the contribution of foods to dietary fiber intake. Reference values from the World Health Organization (≥12.5 g) and the US Institute of Medicine (14 g) per 1,000 kcal were used to assess intake. The mean intake of dietary fiber/1,000 kcal/day was 6.4 g (1.5 g of soluble fiber and 4.9 g of insoluble fiber) among the 891 adolescents. Fiber intake was low, especially among those who ate fruits, vegetables, and beans less, those who consumed soft drinks and processed meats more, and those who did not eat breakfast every day. Unprocessed/minimally processed foods provided 68.8%, 53.7%, and 72.1% of total, soluble, and insoluble fiber, respectively, whereas ultra-processed products provided 24.8%, 37.9%, and 21.0% respectively. Fiber intake was inversely associated with energy intake, fat, free sugar, and animal protein in the diet. The insufficient fiber intake underscores the need for actions that promote healthy nutrition on the individual and family levels.
本研究旨在评估青少年的膳食纤维摄入量及其相关因素，确定该营养素的食物来源，并确定膳食模式（能量/宏量营养素/微量营养素）指标与膳食纤维摄入量之间的关联。这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，涉及 24 小时回忆数据。采用 NOVA 分类法来确定食物对膳食纤维摄入量的贡献。采用世界卫生组织（≥12.5 g）和美国医学研究所（14 g）的参考值来评估 1000 千卡的摄入量。891 名青少年中，膳食纤维/1000 千卡/天的平均摄入量为 6.4 克（1.5 克可溶性纤维和 4.9 克不溶性纤维）。纤维摄入量较低，特别是那些水果、蔬菜和豆类吃得少、软饮料和加工肉类吃得多、并且每天不吃早餐的人。未加工/最低限度加工食品分别提供了总纤维、可溶性纤维和不溶性纤维的 68.8%、53.7%和 72.1%，而超加工产品则分别提供了 24.8%、37.9%和 21.0%。膳食纤维摄入量与饮食中的能量、脂肪、游离糖和动物蛋白呈负相关。膳食纤维摄入不足突出表明需要在个人和家庭层面采取行动促进健康营养。
