Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
Department of Health Promotion, Health Promotion Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 11;11(1):16335. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95787-w.
Sacubitril/valsartan is superior to enalapril in reducing the risks of cardiovascular death and preventing hospitalization in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, patients often do not receive sacubitril/valsartan because of concerns about hypotension. We examined the feasibility of initiating sacubitril/valsartan at a very low dose (VLD) in potentially intolerant patients with HFrEF and subsequent dose up-titration, treatment persistence and outcomes. We analyzed 206 patients with HFrEF grouped according to starting sacubitril/valsartan dose. The VLD group (n = 106) commenced 25 mg twice daily, and the standard-dose (SD) group (n = 100) started on ≥ 50 mg twice daily. Baseline systolic blood pressure was 103 ± 12 mmHg vs. 119 ± 14 mmHg in the SD group (P < 0.001). The maximal target dose achievement rate was higher in the SD group (27.0% vs 9.4%, p = 0.001) and the VLD group experienced more dose up-titrations and fewer down-titrations than the SD group. The VLD group had a decrease in N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) similar to the SD group and a similar increase in left ventricular ejection fraction. There were no significant differences in symptomatic hypotension, worsening renal function, hyperkalemia, cardiovascular mortality, and rehospitalization due to HF between the two groups during follow-up period. In patients considered by the treating physician likely to be intolerant of sacubitril/valsartan, initiation with 25 mg twice daily was generally possible and patients remained in therapy, with similar decreases in NT-proBNP and increases in left ventricular ejection fraction to those observed in patients receiving SD sacubitril/valsartan.
沙库巴曲缬沙坦在降低心衰射血分数降低(HFrEF)患者心血管死亡风险和预防住院方面优于依那普利。然而,由于担心低血压,许多患者并未使用沙库巴曲缬沙坦。我们研究了在潜在不耐受的 HFrEF 患者中以极低剂量(VLD)起始沙库巴曲缬沙坦并随后滴定剂量、治疗持续时间和结局的可行性。我们分析了 206 例 HFrEF 患者,根据起始沙库巴曲缬沙坦剂量分组。VLD 组(n=106)起始剂量为 25mg,每日 2 次,标准剂量(SD)组(n=100)起始剂量为≥50mg,每日 2 次。SD 组患者的基线收缩压为 119±14mmHg(P<0.001),而 VLD 组为 103±12mmHg。SD 组的最大目标剂量达标率较高(27.0% vs. 9.4%,p=0.001),VLD 组的剂量滴定次数多于 SD 组,剂量下调次数少于 SD 组。VLD 组的脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)下降与 SD 组相似,左心室射血分数增加也相似。两组在随访期间,症状性低血压、肾功能恶化、高钾血症、心血管死亡率和 HF 再住院率均无显著差异。在治疗医生认为可能不耐受沙库巴曲缬沙坦的患者中,以 25mg,每日 2 次起始通常是可行的,患者仍保持治疗,NT-proBNP 下降和左心室射血分数增加与接受 SD 沙库巴曲缬沙坦的患者相似。