Muthiah Mark D, Cheng Han Ng, Sanyal Arun J
Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Feb;24 Suppl 2:3-14. doi: 10.1111/dom.14521. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a rapidly rising prevalence worldwide and is the most common cause of liver disease in developed countries. In this article, we discuss the spectrum of disease of NAFLD with a focus on the earlier spectrum of the disease that is commonly encountered by non-specialists, as well as the hepatic and extra-hepatic associations of the disease. We discuss in detail the two common presentations of NAFLD, incidentally detected hepatic steatosis and asymptomatic raised liver enzymes, and provide an algorithm for management and continued to follow up for these patients. Considerations for the management of cardiovascular comorbidities in these patients are also discussed. Finally, we cover the topic of screening for NAFLD in high-risk populations.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)在全球范围内的患病率迅速上升,是发达国家肝病最常见的病因。在本文中,我们讨论了NAFLD的疾病谱,重点关注非专科医生常见的该疾病早期谱,以及该疾病的肝脏和肝外关联。我们详细讨论了NAFLD的两种常见表现,即偶然发现的肝脂肪变性和无症状性肝酶升高,并提供了一种管理算法以及对这些患者的持续随访建议。还讨论了这些患者心血管合并症的管理注意事项。最后,我们涵盖了高危人群中NAFLD筛查的主题。