School of Nursing and Professional Practice, University of Derby, Kedleston Rd, Derby DE22 1GB, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Nurse Educ Today. 2021 Nov;106:105096. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105096. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
To discover what is known about how nursing students acquire delegation skills.
A systematic search was conducted utilising databases: CINAHL, AMED, MedLine, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PsychArticles, PubMed Central and Science Direct. The objectives were to: conduct a systematic literature review of the available literature on how nursing students acquire delegation skills; to identify factors that promote synthesis of delegation skills into clinical practice and understand how students learn these skills; and to identify any gaps in the literature.
Fifteen papers, which use a range of methodologies, were included in the review. The author identified that acquiring delegation skills is an ongoing process and cannot be fully learnt during a single intervention. Furthermore that there are multiple factors that may promote the acquisition of this skill. These include simulation, clinical practice and theoretical curriculum. Delegation links to other skills such as critical thinking, decision making, prioritisation and communication.
Delegation should not be considered in isolation to these underpinning skills. Furthermore, it is evident that delegation is an often-misunderstood concept and something that newly qualified nurses feel unprepared for. It is therefore vital that preregistration nursing education (as well as other pre- and post-qualification training) incorporate the development of this essential skill.
探索护理学生如何获得授权技能。
利用 CINAHL、AMED、MedLine、PsycINFO、Web of Science、PsychArticles、PubMed Central 和 Science Direct 数据库进行系统搜索。目的是：对护理学生如何获得授权技能的现有文献进行系统综述；确定促进将授权技能综合到临床实践中的因素，并了解学生如何学习这些技能；并确定文献中的任何空白。
综述中包括了 15 篇使用各种方法的论文。作者确定，获得授权技能是一个持续的过程，不能在单次干预中完全学习。此外，还有多个可能促进该技能获得的因素。这些因素包括模拟、临床实践和理论课程。授权与批判性思维、决策、优先级排序和沟通等其他技能相关。
不应将授权与这些基本技能孤立地考虑。此外，很明显，授权是一个经常被误解的概念，新获得资格的护士对此感到准备不足。因此，注册前护理教育（以及其他入职前和入职后的培训）必须纳入这一重要技能的发展。
