Varghese T
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Papua New Guinea.
Vet Parasitol. 1987 Dec;26(1-2):131-44. doi: 10.1016/0304-4017(87)90083-5.
General endoparasitiasis in 16 species of captive birds of paradise (BOP) in Papua New Guinea ranged from 60.0 to 79.6% during 1977, 1978, 1981, 1983 and 1984. Percent prevalence of the three major groups of parasites during the five survey years was as follows: haematozoa, 36.7-53.0%; coccidia, 42.2-63.3% and helminths, 35.6-67.3%. Percent prevalence of blood parasites in the years 1977 and 1984 was: Haemoproteus 14.3, 20.0; Plasmodium 10.2, 4.5; Haemoproteus or Plasmodium 18.4, 8.9; Leucocytozoon 6.1, 6.7; Trypanosoma 8.2, 6.7; microfilaria 10.2, 4.5. Oocysts of Eimeria paradisaeai, Isospora raggianai and I. volki were common, as were oocysts morphologically distinct from these three species. The most frequently observed cestode eggs belonged to Raillietina and Biuterina species. Eggs of Strongyloides, Capillaria, Syngamus and Trichuris species of nematodes were also recovered. The Magnificent Bird of Paradise (Diphyllodes magnificus) had the highest mean eggs per gram (EPG) during the five survey years, except in 1978 when the highest mean was recorded from the Lesser Bird of Paradise (Paradisaea minor). Highest mean oocysts per gram (OPG) for the first 3 years were also recorded from D. magnificus, but Paradisaea raggiana had the highest mean OPG in 1983 and 1984. Possible causes for the greatest prevalence of endoparasites in the birds during 1977 and 1984, despite their having been regularly treated prophylactically, are considered.
1977年、1978年、1981年、1983年和1984年期间，巴布亚新几内亚16种圈养极乐鸟（BOP）的一般体内寄生虫感染率在60.0%至79.6%之间。在这五个调查年份中，三大类寄生虫的感染率如下：血寄生虫，36.7 - 53.0%；球虫，42.2 - 63.3%；蠕虫，35.6 - 67.3%。1977年和1984年血液寄生虫的感染率为：血变原虫14.3%、20.0%；疟原虫10.2%、4.5%；血变原虫或疟原虫18.4%、8.9%；白细胞原虫6.1%、6.7%；锥虫8.2%、6.7%；微丝蚴10.2%、4.5%。极乐鸟艾美球虫、拉吉安等孢球虫和沃尔基等孢球虫的卵囊很常见，形态上与这三个物种不同的卵囊也很常见。最常观察到的绦虫卵属于瑞利绦虫属和比尤特绦虫属。还发现了类圆线虫属、毛细线虫属、气管比翼线虫属和毛首线虫属线虫的卵。在这五个调查年份中，除了1978年最小极乐鸟（小极乐鸟）的平均每克虫卵数（EPG）最高外，华美极乐鸟（丽色极乐鸟）的平均每克虫卵数最高。前三年平均每克卵囊数（OPG）最高的也是丽色极乐鸟，但1983年和1984年拉吉安娜极乐鸟的平均每克卵囊数最高。文中考虑了尽管这些鸟类定期接受预防性治疗，但在1977年和1984年期间体内寄生虫感染率最高的可能原因。
