Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Photocatalysis & Solar Photoreactors Engineering, Modeling & Application of AOPs, Chemical Engineering Program, Universidad de Cartagena, Zip code 1382-Postal 195, Cartagena, Colombia.
Water Res. 2021 Sep 1;202:117421. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117421. Epub 2021 Jul 11.
The debate on whether photocatalysis can reach full maturity at commercial level as an effective and economical process for treatment and purification of water and wastewater has recently intensified. Despite a bloom of scientific investigations in the last 30 years, particularly with regards to innovative photocatalytic materials, photocatalysis has so far seen a few industrial applications. Regardless of the points of view, it has been realized that research on reactor design and modeling are now equally urgent to match the extensive research carried out on innovative photocatalytic materials. In reality, the development of photocatalytic reactors has advanced steadily in terms of modeling and reactor design over the last two decades, though this topic has captured a smaller specialized audience. In this critical review, we introduce the latest developments on photocatalytic reactors for water treatment from an engineering perspective. The focus is on the modeling and design of photocatalytic reactors for water treatment at pilot- or at greater scale. Photocatalytic reactors utilizing both natural sunlight and UV irradiation sources are comprehensively discussed. The most promising photoreactor designs and models are examined giving key design guidelines. Other engineering considerations, such as operation, cost analysis, patents, and several industrial applications of photocatalytic reactors for water treatment are also presented. The dissemination of key photocatalytic reactor design principles among the scientific community and the water industry is currently one of the greatest obstacles in translating PWT research into widespread real-world application.
关于光催化作为一种有效且经济的水和废水处理方法是否能够达到商业成熟的争论最近愈演愈烈。尽管在过去的 30 年中，科学界对此进行了大量的研究，特别是针对创新的光催化材料，但光催化迄今为止仅在少数几个工业领域得到了应用。无论观点如何，人们已经意识到，研究反应器的设计和建模现在与对创新光催化材料的广泛研究同样紧迫。实际上，在过去的二十年中，光催化反应器在建模和反应器设计方面都取得了稳步的发展，尽管这个话题只吸引了一小部分专业人士的关注。在这篇重要的综述中，我们从工程角度介绍了水处理用光催化反应器的最新发展。重点是针对中试或更大规模的水处理用光催化反应器的建模和设计。全面讨论了利用自然光和紫外线辐照光源的光催化反应器。对最有前途的光反应器设计和模型进行了考察，并给出了关键的设计准则。还介绍了其他工程方面的考虑因素，如操作、成本分析、专利以及光催化反应器在水处理方面的一些工业应用。目前，将 PWT 研究转化为广泛的实际应用的最大障碍之一是在科学界和水行业中传播关键的光催化反应器设计原则。
