儿童注意缺陷多动障碍执行和运动控制任务中的个体内变异性。
Intraindividual variability in executive and motor control tasks in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
机构信息
Department Of Psychology, University Of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Child Development Laboratory, University Of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
出版信息
J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2021 Aug;43(6):568-578. doi: 10.1080/13803395.2021.1965097. Epub 2021 Aug 15.
OBJECTIVE
Emerging evidence highlights intraindividual variability (IIV) during executive function (EF) tasks as a reliable endophenotype of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and as contributing to motor dysregulation and hyperactive-impulsive behaviors. This study examined the relationship between EF and motor control in children with and without ADHD.
METHOD
Ninety-seven children (6-13 years) completed standardized and experimental tasks of executive and motor control. Primary caregivers completed a semi-structured interview, and behavioral rating forms for ADHD symptoms and EF.
RESULTS
Children with ADHD demonstrated lower performance on motor dexterity and sequencing tasks, and greater IIV during EF tasks with lower cognitive demand. IIV accounted for ADHD symptoms of hyperactivity, beyond age and motor dexterity. IIV from EF measures with lower cognitive demand was also sensitive to ADHD symptoms.
CONCLUSION
IIV metrics may tap into the motor regulation challenges associated with ADHD, as well as attentional lapsing at lower levels of cognitive demand.
目的
越来越多的证据表明，执行功能（EF）任务中的个体内变异性（IIV）是注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的可靠内表型，并且导致运动调节和多动冲动行为。本研究探讨了 ADHD 儿童与非 ADHD 儿童的 EF 和运动控制之间的关系。
方法
97 名儿童（6-13 岁）完成了执行和运动控制的标准化和实验任务。主要照顾者完成了 ADHD 症状和 EF 的半结构化访谈和行为评定表。
结果
ADHD 儿童在运动灵巧性和序列任务上表现较差，在 EF 任务中认知需求较低时 IIV 更大。在考虑年龄和运动灵巧性后，IIV 仍可解释 ADHD 多动症状。较低认知需求的 EF 测量中的 IIV 也对 ADHD 症状敏感。
结论
IIV 指标可能反映了与 ADHD 相关的运动调节挑战，以及在较低认知需求水平下的注意力不集中。
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