College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, China.
State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Plant J. 2021 Nov;108(3):661-671. doi: 10.1111/tpj.15461. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
In flowering plants, the transition from mitosis to meiosis is the precondition for gametogenesis, which is the most crucial event during sexual reproduction. Here, we report an intriguing mechanism whereby germ cells and surrounding somatic cells cooperatively involve in the meiotic switch during anther development in rice (Oryza sativa). In double mutants with loss function of both leptotene chromosome establishment- and somatic cell layer differentiation-associated genes, chromosome morphology in the reproductive cells remains the same as that in somatic cells, and sporogenous cells fail to differentiate into pollen mother cells. OsSPOROCYTELESS and MICROSPORELESS1, two pivotal genes involved in meiosis entry, are prominently downregulated in anthers of plants with mutations in both MULTIPLE SPOROCYTE1 and LEPTOTENE 1. In addition, the transcription of redox-related genes is also affected. Therefore, germ cells and the surrounding somatic cells collaboratively participate in meiosis initiation in rice.
在开花植物中，从有丝分裂向减数分裂的转变是配子发生的前提条件，这是有性生殖过程中最关键的事件。在这里，我们报道了一个有趣的机制，即花粉母细胞在水稻（Oryza sativa）花药发育过程中通过生殖细胞和周围体细胞的合作共同参与减数分裂的转换。在双突变体中，两个与细线期染色体建立和体细胞层分化相关的基因均丧失功能，生殖细胞中的染色体形态与体细胞相同，并且小孢子母细胞不能分化为花粉母细胞。参与减数分裂起始的两个关键基因 OsSPOROCYTELESS 和 MICROSPORELESS1 在 MULTIPLE SPOROCYTE1 和 LEPTOTENE 1 双突变体的花药中明显下调。此外，与氧化还原相关的基因的转录也受到影响。因此，在水稻中，生殖细胞和周围体细胞共同参与减数分裂的启动。
