División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T. Mérida, Av. Tecnológico Km. 4.5 S/N, 97118, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica, Tecnólogico Nacional de México/I.T. Morelia, Col. Lomas de Santiaguito, Av. Tecnólogico #1500, 58120, Morelia, Michoacán, México.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2022 Feb;67(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s12223-021-00906-9. Epub 2021 Aug 16.
Bromelia karatas L. is a plant species from the Americas. The presence of proteases in fruits of B. karatas has been reported but scarcely studied in detail. Proteolytic enzymes from Ananas comosus have displayed antifungal and antibacterial activity. Thus, novel proteases present in B. karatas may be useful as a source of compounds against microorganisms in medicine and food production. In this work, the protein extract from the fruits of B. karatas was characterized and its antibacterial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes was determined for the first time. Proteins highly similar to ananain and the fruit bromelain from A. comosus were identified as the main proteases in B. karatas fruits using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The soluble protein extract (SPE) at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL displayed up to 80% of antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium. Complete inhibition of L. monocytogenes was reached with up to 1.65 mg/mL of SPE. Plant protease extract containing ananain-like enzyme inhibited up to 90% against S. Typhimurium and up to 85% against L. monocytogenes using only 10 μg/mL of the partial-purified enzyme.
菠萝蜜（ Bromelia karatas L.）是一种来自美洲的植物物种。据报道，菠萝蜜果实中存在蛋白酶，但尚未详细研究。菠萝（ Ananas comosus）中的蛋白酶具有抗真菌和抗菌活性。因此，菠萝蜜中存在的新型蛋白酶可能可作为医学和食品生产中对抗微生物化合物的来源。在这项工作中，首次对菠萝蜜果实的蛋白质提取物进行了表征，并测定了其对肠炎沙门氏菌（ Salmonella Typhimurium）和单核细胞增生李斯特菌（ Listeria monocytogenes）的抗菌活性。使用液相色谱串联质谱法（ LC-MS/MS），鉴定出与 ananain 和菠萝果实菠萝蛋白酶高度相似的蛋白质是菠萝蜜果实中的主要蛋白酶。在浓度为 2.0mg/mL 的可溶性蛋白质提取物（ SPE）中，对肠炎沙门氏菌的抗菌活性高达 80%。SPE 的浓度高达 1.65mg/mL 时，可完全抑制单核细胞增生李斯特菌。含有类似 ananain 酶的植物蛋白酶提取物仅使用 10μg/mL 的部分纯化酶，对肠炎沙门氏菌的抑制率高达 90%，对单核细胞增生李斯特菌的抑制率高达 85%。
